3D SPECT/CT fusion using image data projection of bone SPECT onto 3D volume-rendered CT images: feasibility and clinical
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
3D SPECT/CT fusion using image data projection of bone SPECT onto 3D volume-rendered CT images: feasibility and clinical impact in the diagnosis of bone metastasis Yuji Ogata1 · Tadaki Nakahara1 · Kenichi Ode1 · Yohji Matsusaka1 · Mari Katagiri1 · Yu Iwabuchi1 · Kazunari Itoh1 · Akira Ichimura1 · Masahiro Jinzaki1
Received: 27 November 2016 / Accepted: 5 February 2017 / Published online: 27 February 2017 © The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
Abstract Purpose We developed a method of image data projection of bone SPECT into 3D volume-rendered CT images for 3D SPECT/CT fusion. The aims of our study were to evaluate its feasibility and clinical usefulness. Methods Whole-body bone scintigraphy (WB) and SPECT/CT scans were performed in 318 cancer patients using a dedicated SPECT/CT systems. Volume data of bone SPECT and CT were fused to obtain 2D SPECT/CT images. To generate our 3D SPECT/CT images, colored voxel data of bone SPECT were projected onto the corresponding location of the volume-rendered CT data after a semi-automatic bone extraction. Then, the resultant 3D images were blended with conventional volume-rendered CT images, allowing to grasp the three-dimensional relationship between bone metabolism and anatomy. WB and SPECT (WB + SPECT), 2D SPECT/CT fusion, and 3D SPECT/CT fusion were evaluated by two independent reviewers in the diagnosis of bone metastasis. The interobserver variability and diagnostic accuracy in these three image sets were investigated using a four-point diagnostic scale. Results Increased bone metabolism was found in 744 metastatic sites and 1002 benign changes. On a perlesion basis, inter-observer agreements in the diagnosis of bone metastasis were 0.72 for WB + SPECT, 0.90 for 2D SPECT/CT, and 0.89 for 3D SPECT/CT. Receiver operating characteristic analyses for the diagnostic accuracy of * Tadaki Nakahara [email protected] 1
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku‑ku, Tokyo 160‑8582, Japan
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bone metastasis showed that WB + SPECT, 2D SPECT/CT, and 3D SPECT/CT had an area under the curve of 0.800, 0.983, and 0.983 for reader 1, 0.865, 0.992, and 0.993 for reader 2, respectively (WB + SPECT vs. 2D or 3D SPECT/ CT, p
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