A collagen membrane influences bone turnover marker in vivo after bone augmentation with xenogenic bone
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RESEARCH
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A collagen membrane influences bone turnover marker in vivo after bone augmentation with xenogenic bone Henning Staedt1,2, Michael Dau3, Eik Schiegnitz4, Daniel G. E. Thiem4, Olga Tagadiuc5, Victor Palarie6, Peter Ottl2, Bilal Al-Nawas4 and Peer W. Kämmerer4*
Abstract Background: The aim was to compare early biochemical and histological osseous healing of chronic mandibular defects regenerated with bovine bone substitute with and without collagen membrane in vivo. Methods: Eight weeks after formation of a lateral full-thickness perforating bone defect in the mandible of 40 rabbits, bovine bone substitute with (“+”;n = 20) and without (“-”;n = 20) collagen membrane was applied. Blood and bone was collected 24, 72 h, 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Total acid phosphatase, bone acid phosphatase, total alkaline phosphatase and bone alkaline phosphatase activities were compared between groups. Formation of new bone was quantified histologically for all time points. Results: Twenty-four hours after surgery, bone alkaline phosphatase was significantly elevated in “+” group when compared to “-” (p=0.012). After 72 hours, all bone turnover markers except for total acid phosphatase (p=0.078) where significantly elevated in “+” (all p < 0.05). Fourteen days after surgery, the significant highest values for all bone turnover markers were detected in “-” (all p < 0.05). A significant difference in favor of group “-” could also be detected after 3 weeks in terms of both acid phosphatases (p < 0.05). In histology, no significant differences could be detected. Conclusion: Bone regeneration with bovine bone substitute material and collagen membrane shows a significantly earlier bone remodeling activity but does not seem to influence formation of new bone in histological samples. Keywords: Bone regeneration, Membrane, Collagen, Bone remodeling, Serological bone turnover markers, Animal study
Background Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is an established treatment method for regeneration of osseous defects of the jaws. GBR is based on a bone graft material and a barrier membrane to cover and stabilize the augmented bone defect [1–3]. Membranes for GBR can be divided into nonresorbable and resorbable. Non-resorbable systems include * Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 4 Department of Oral, Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
titanium meshes and polytetrafluoroethylene membranes. Those materials have to be removed in a second procedure after completion of the regenerative bone healing [4], whereas absorbable membranes are dissolved by catalytic processes [2, 5]. These membranes mostly consist of porcine or bovine collagen and are characterized by a good barrier function [3, 6]. As a biomaterial, collagen has a number of properties including low immunogenicity, fast vascularization, promotion of wound healing and even bone regeneration [7–1
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