A Comparative Study on Gasoline, LPG and Biogas Affecting the Dynamic Responses of SI Engine
Nowadays biogas is used in agriculture and industrial sectors especially in electric production because its production cost lower is than other fuels such as gasoline and LPG. However, biogas from the waste of swine farm has only 50 – 70 % of methane that
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Abstract. Nowadays biogas is used in agriculture and industrial sectors especially in electric production because its production cost lower is than other fuels such as gasoline and LPG. However, biogas from the waste of swine farm has only 50 – 70 % of methane that decreases the efficiency and power of SI engine. This paper presents a comparative study of gasoline LPG and biogas affecting the dynamic responses of SI engine. The system identification of SI engine uses mean value model with parameter estimation. A mean value model is a mathematical SI engine model which is the intermediate between large cyclic simulation models and simplistic transfer function models. The simulation and experimental results are found useful in the development of control system for biogas engine-generator system and LPG plus biogas engine-generator system. Keywords: Mathematical model of the SI engine, Parameter estimation.
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Introduction
The major concern of most people nowadays is the use and availability of energy. They spend a large portion of their gas propane and oil. These fossil fuels have being continuously used to a large extent. Because these forms of energy are nonrenewable, the availability will continue to decrease but the costs will to increase. This has led to research for new energy sources. The properties of gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and biogas were analyzed by Chiang Mai University as shown in Table 1. The calorific of biogas has lower value than other fuels. A mean value modeling of SI engine is applied to system identification. Some nonlinear time-base in-cycle thermodynamic model of a linear combustion engine is posing as an open thermodynamic system [1]. Model of the injection system proposed a physics-based state space model in [2-4]. The parameters estimation and the specification of the identity of mathematical models for biogas or LPG engine were also studied [56].This comparative study of gasoline LPG and biogas affects the dynamic responses of SI engine. The results are found useful in the development of control system for biogas engine-generator system and LPG plus biogas engine-generator system. James J. (Jong Hyuk) Park et al. (eds.), Future Information Technology, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 309, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-55038-6_140, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
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S. Odngam et al. Table 1. Properties of fuels
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Fuel
Density
LPG Gasoline Biogas(60% CH4)
0.54 kg/litter 0.75 kg/litter 1.20 kg/m3
Calorific Value (kJ/kg) 46,000 43,000 18,000
Stoichiometric air/fuel ratio(kg/kg) 15.50 15.60 10.20
Mean Value Modeling of SI Engine
The SI engine system modeling is a complex system and non-linear equation. Also, the parameter of system changes overtime. The SI engine models are on the basic principle such as fundamental thermodynamics, fluid mechanic and rigid body mechanics. There are three principles consisting of air path model, torque production model and rotational dynamic model. The diagram of SI engine is show in Fig.1.
θ
ω
Fig. 1. Mean value mo
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