A comprehensive analysis of weighting and multicriteria methods in the context of sustainable energy
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A comprehensive analysis of weighting and multicriteria methods in the context of sustainable energy M. Şahin1 Received: 9 May 2020 / Revised: 15 July 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract This study presents a comprehensive and comparative analysis of weighting and multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) methods in the context of sustainable energy. As the selection problems of energy involve various conflicting attributes, MADM methods have been widely applied in addressing these issues. In this study, six weighting and seven MADM methods that constitute a total of 42 models are implemented to evaluate different weighting and multicriteria decision-making methods and determine the most efficient and sustainable energy option. To determine the weights of economic, environmental, socioeconomic, and technical attributes, two subjective methods—the analytic hierarchy process and best–worst method—and four objective methods—the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation, Shannon’s entropy, standard deviation, and mean weight—are used. Thus, both expert evaluations and data-based assessments are considered. Using each attribute weight provided by the six methods, the ranking of electricity generation options for Turkey is obtained through seven MADM methods: the elimination and choice expressing the reality method, the weighted sum method, the weighted product method, the organization, rangement et synthese de donnes relationnelles (ORESTE) method, the technique for order performance by similarity to the ideal solution, the preference ranking organization method for the enrichment of evaluations, and the multiple criteria optimization compromise solution. Rankings obtained from all models are integrated through the Borda, Copeland, and grade average methods. The results indicate that hydro is the optimal electricity generation option, followed by onshore wind, solar PV, geothermal, natural gas, and coal. Keywords Sustainable energy · Objective assessment · Subjective assessment · Comparative MADM · Copeland
Introduction The major upheaval caused by the coronavirus crisis has shown how modern societies depend on electricity for healthcare, telecommunications, entertainment, shopping, work, and so on. In short, electricity is at the heart of modern economies and human life and provides an increasing share of energy services. The electrification of transportation and heat, the dependence on digitally connected devices, the growing services sector, and the increased use of technology have triggered increases in demand for electricity. Increasing electricity demand was a primary source of global C O2 Editorial responsibility: Samareh Mirkia. * M. Şahin [email protected] 1
Department of Industrial Engineering, Iskenderun Technical University, 31200 Iskenderun, Turkey
emissions from the energy sector (impact of fossil fuels) that reached a record level in 2018 (IEA 2019). All these issues indicate that countries must develop long-
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