A control strategy for hybrid energy source in backbone base transceiver station using artificial neural network: a case
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A control strategy for hybrid energy source in backbone base transceiver station using artificial neural network: a case study of Penajam, Indonesia Widjonarko1 · Cries Avian1 · Satrio Budi Utomo1 · Andi Setiawan1 · Bayu Rudiyanto2 Received: 15 December 2019 / Accepted: 27 May 2020 © Islamic Azad University 2020
Abstract Base transceiver station (BTS) is vital infrastructure in cellular communication. Without BTS, of course, communication cannot occur between cellular network users. Moreover, BTS is a BTS backbone that is a link between BTS. One of the problems with the BTS backbone is that energy sources. Without adequate energy for 24 h, of course, the supply of BTS cannot work. This is a problem in the BTS backbone located in Penajam, Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate energy sources using the concept of hybrid energy sources (HES). In this study, the authors simulate the concept of HES by setting the energy source following the real site condition. The energy sources are the grid, diesel generators, and batteries. The control strategy is based on several policies that have been determined by the BTS operators. Due to the complexity of the rules, the strategy is realized into a binary rule. The binary rule is trained into a black box controller in an artificial neural network (ANN) to simplify the control system. From the simulation results obtained, the control system can stabilize energy distribution well, and there was an overshoot of 8.3% of the nominal value of the bus when switching switches to the diesel generator. Keywords Artificial neural network · Base transceiver station · Control strategy · Hybrid energy system · Simulation Abbreviations ANN Artificial neural network BTS Base transceiver station VDC Volt direct current VAC Volt alternating current PV Photovoltaic SOC State of charge ATSMF Automatic transfer source main failure HES Hybrid energy source
* Widjonarko [email protected] 1
Departement of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia
Departement of Renewable Energy Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember, Indonesia
2
Introduction Base transceiver station or known as BTS is an infrastructure for telecommunications bridge that connects users wirelessly. The role of BTS is crucial for cell phone users because, without BTS, mobile phones will not have signals that can be used for communication, especially with the growing development of cell phone users which has implications for the increasing need for (BTS) [1]. Then, the role of BTS becomes a vital role so that the need for communication can be met. However, BTS has another more important problem that is in supply energy. If BTS is installed in urban and rural areas, the electricity needs can be met [2]. This is because, in that region, there are still electrical connections that supply the population. With the electricity network, the BTS supply can be provided by taking from that grid network. However, if a BTS is installed in an area far from human
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