A Double-sided Printed Dipole Array with an Electromagnetic Band-Gap Reflector
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A Double-sided Printed Dipole Array with an Electromagnetic Band-Gap Reflector Zhigang Xiao & Huiliang Xu
Received: 3 October 2008 / Accepted: 27 January 2009 / Published online: 12 February 2009 # Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2009
Abstract Electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures have unique properties in controlling the propagation of electromagnetic wave and have been applied to a wide range of electromagnetic devices design. In this paper, a double-sided printed dipole (DSPD) array backed by an EBG reflector is proposed for achieving a low-profile design as well as gain enhancement. Simulation results show that a reduction of more than 55% in antenna height can be obtained by placing the DSPD array over an EBG reflector rather than a perfect electric conductor (PEC) reflector. And the obtained gain of the antenna with an EBG reflector is about 1.9 dB higher than that with a PEC reflector at the operating frequency 2.77 GHz. The EBG reflector can be utilized to reduce a cavity-backed antenna height and enhance the antenna radiation efficiency. The design has a good potential application to antenna arrays with more elements in wireless communication. Keywords Electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) . Double-sided printed dipole (DSPD) . Cavity-backed antenna . Antenna array
1 Introduction A double-sided printed dipole (DSPD) has a widely application in wireless communication for its attractive advantages: light weight, low cost, wide-band and natural integration with printed circuits. In order to change the inherent bi-directional radiation beam to a unidirectional beam, a traditional DSPD is performed by using a perfect electric conductor (PEC) plate as a reflector [1–3], which is called as cavity-backed antenna. Conventionally, Z. Xiao Physics and Electron Communication Department, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, Sichuan 614004, China e-mail: [email protected] H. Xu (*) State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies for Microfabrication, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China e-mail: [email protected]
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J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves (2009) 30:423–431
the PEC reflector is placing in a distance of one-quarter wavelength below the antenna, which can radiate efficiently. However, the entire structure requires a minimum thickness of λ/4 (λ is the free space wavelength at operating frequency). In wireless technology applications, the trend in such antenna innovation is more compact and low-profile designs, but the conventional types can not satisfy the need due to the limitation of the height of λ/4. The approach by using the electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) technology can supply a good potential to the antennas designed with higher efficiency and lower profile. The EBG structures (a dielectric substrate drilled with holes) can be used as a substrate or reflector for antenna to enhance the radiation efficiency and reduce the antenna profile [4–6]. Compared to other EBG structures (dielectric rods and holes), the mushroom-like EBG structure has a winning f
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