A dynamic integer programming approach for free flight air traffic management (ATM) scenario with 4D-trajectories and en
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A dynamic integer programming approach for free flight air traffic management (ATM) scenario with 4D-trajectories and energy efficiency aspects Ntakolia Charis1
· Caceres Hernan2 · Coletsos John3
Received: 23 August 2018 / Accepted: 30 July 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The growth in demand for air transport has generated new challenges for capacity and safety. In response, manufacturers develop new types of aircraft while airlines open new routes and adapt their fleet. This excessive demand for air transport also leads to the need for further investments in airport expansion and ATM modernization. The current work was focused on the ATM problem with respect to new procedures, such as free flight, for addressing the air capacity issues in an environmental approach. The study was triggered by and aligned with the following performance objectives set by EUROCONTROL and the European Commission: (1) to improve ATM safety whilst accommodating air traffic growth; (2) to increase the ATM network efficiency; (3) to strengthen ATM’s contribution to aviation security and to environmental objectives; (4) to match capacity and air transport growth. The proposed mathematical model covers the aforementioned objectives by focusing on energy losses and costs of flights under the scenario of a controlled free flight and a unified airspace. The factors enhanced in the model were chosen based on their impact on the ATM energy efficiency, such as the airborne delays and flight duration, the delays due to ground holding, the flight cancellation, the flight speed deviations and the flight level alterations. Therefore, the presented mathematical model minimizes the energy costs due to the above terms under certain assumptions and constraints. Finally, simulation case studies, used as proof tests, have been conducted under different ATM scenarios to examine the complexity and the efficiency of the developed model. Keywords Operations research · Integer linear programming · Dynamic programming · Air traffic management · Energy efficiency
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Ntakolia Charis [email protected]
Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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N. Charis et al.
1 Introduction Air transport and particularly civil aviation have significant contributions to both national and world economy by offering job positions, secure and quality trips for business and leisure passengers. In fact, according to study by the Air Transport Action Group (ATAG), the air transport industry generates a total of 65.5 million jobs globally and aviation’s global economic impact (direct, indirect, induced and catalytic) is estimated at 2.7 trillion e in global economic activity [1]. Regarding Europe, the study published by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) proved that the European aviation sector can be considered among the best performing parts of the European economy. Indeed, nearly 900 million air passengers travel, each year to, from and within the European Union making up one-third of the world market. Also, a r
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