A Full Connectable and High Scalable Key Pre-distribution Scheme Based on Combinatorial Designs for Resource-Constrained
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A Full Connectable and High Scalable Key Pre‑distribution Scheme Based on Combinatorial Designs for Resource‑Constrained Devices in IoT Network Akbar Morshed Aski1 · Hamid Haj Seyyed Javadi2 · Gholam Hassan Shirdel3
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Considering the internet of things (IoT), end nodes such as wireless sensor network, RFID and embedded systems are used in many applications. These end nodes are known as resource-constrained devices in the IoT network. These devices have limitations such as computing and communication power, memory capacity and power. Key pre-distribution schemes (KPSs) have been introduced as a lightweight solution to key distribution in these devices. Key pre-distribution is a special type of key agreement that aims to select keys called session keys in order to establish secure communication between devices. One of these design types is the using of combinatorial designs in key pre-distribution, which is a deterministic scheme in key pre-distribution and has been considered in recent years. In this paper, by introducing a key pre-distribution scheme of this type, we stated that the model introduced in the two benchmarks of KPSs comparability had full connectivity and scalability among the designs introduced in recent years. Also, in recent years, among the combinatorial design-based key pre-distribution schemes, in order to increase resiliency as another criterion for comparing KPSs, attempts were made to include changes in combinatorial designs or they combine them with random key pre-distribution schemes and hybrid schemes were introduced that would significantly reduce the design connectivity. In this paper, using theoretical analysis and maintaining full connectivity, we showed that the strength of the proposed design was better than the similar designs while maintaining higher scalability. Keywords IoT · Resource-constrained devices · Key pre-distribution · Hybrid schems · Full connectivity · Scalability * Hamid Haj Seyyed Javadi [email protected] Akbar Morshed Aski [email protected] Gholam Hassan Shirdel [email protected] 1
Department of Computer Engineering, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
2
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
3
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
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1 Introduction The term IoT was first coined by Kevin Ashton, the executive director of the Auto-ID Center in 1999, describing a world in which a thing, including living things and inanimate objects, has a digital identity for itself and has the ability of data communication, storing and data processing [1]. IoT has been used in many areas including smart homes, smart cities, smart transport, healthcare, industrial manufacturing, and smart grids. One of the major challenges in IoT is security and privacy. Gartner [2] predicts that more than 20% of businesses and organizations will provide security s
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