A grey-DEMATEL approach for analyzing factors critical to the implementation of reverse logistics in the pharmaceutical
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
A grey-DEMATEL approach for analyzing factors critical to the implementation of reverse logistics in the pharmaceutical care process Elaine Aparecida Regiani de Campos 1 Istefani Carísio de Paula 1
&
Madjid Tavana 2,3
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Carla Schwengber ten Caten 1
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Marina Bouzon 4
&
Received: 21 June 2020 / Accepted: 4 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract There is an increasing interest in product recovery, closed-loop supply chains, and reverse logistics (RL) for mitigating environmental impairment. Although RL is becoming a mandatory policy in developed countries, it is still in an embryonic stage in some industrial sectors of emerging economies. The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) identify the critical factors to the successful implementation of RL in the Brazilian pharmaceutical care process (PCP) and (2) determine the cause-and-effect relationships among them. We use snowball sampling to select the relevant RL studies and deductive reasoning and classification to identify the critical factors and a grey decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) to evaluate the cause-and-effect relationships among them. The study revealed management, collaboration, information technology, infrastructure, policy, financial and economic, end-of-life management practices, and logistic performance factors as the most relevant factors to the successful implementation of RL in the Brazilian PCP. The end-of-life management practices were identified as the most critical factor, and information technology was identified as the least critical factor. We further determined the end-of-life management practices and policy have the strongest casual relationship. The municipal PCP coordinators can use the findings of this study to formulate mitigating strategies to identify and eliminate barriers to the successful implementation of RL in the Brazilian PCP. Keywords Reverse logistics . Grey system theory . DEMATEL . Implementation barriers . Pharmaceutical care process
Introduction The sustainable management and conservation of resources require sustainable strategic initiatives by business and government (Scavarda et al. 2019; Prakash and Barua 2016). Reverse logistics (RL) is a strategic initiative that contributes
to the conservation of natural resources. Guarnieri et al. (2020) have argued RL improves competitiveness, reduces waste, provides greater profitability, and improves customer relationships. Other seminal publications reinforce the economic and social values provided by RL (Rogers and Tibben-lembke 2001; Prahinski and Kocabasoglu 2006).
Responsible editor: Eyup Dogan * Madjid Tavana [email protected]; http://tavana.us/ Elaine Aparecida Regiani de Campos [email protected] Carla Schwengber ten Caten [email protected]
1
Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
2
Business Systems and Analytics Department, Distinguished Chair of Business Analytics, La Salle University,
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