A Habit-Based Randomised Controlled Trial to Reduce Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption: the Impact of the Substituted
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A Habit-Based Randomised Controlled Trial to Reduce Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption: the Impact of the Substituted Beverage on Behaviour and Habit Strength Gaby Judah 1 & Barbara Mullan 2
&
Monica Yee 1 & Lina Johansson 3 & Vanessa Allom 2 & Caitlin Liddelow 2
# International Society of Behavioral Medicine 2020
Abstract Background Excess sugar consumption has been linked to numerous negative health outcomes, such as obesity and type II diabetes. Reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption may reduce sugar intake and thus improve health. The aim of the study was to test the impact of the potentially different rewarding nature of water or diet drinks as replacements for SSB, using a habit and implementation intention–based intervention. Method An online randomised, two-arm parallel design was used. One hundred and fifty-eight participants (mainly from the UK and USA) who regularly consumed SSBs (Mage = 31.5, 51% female) were advised to create implementation intentions to substitute their SSB with either water or a diet drink. Measures of SSB consumption, habit strength and hedonic liking were taken at baseline and at 2 months. Water or diet drink consumption was only measured at 2 months. Results There was a large and significant reduction in SSB consumption and self-reported SSB habits for both the water and diet drink groups, but no difference between groups. There were no differences in hedonic liking for the alternative drink, alternative drink consumption and alternative drink habit between the two groups. Reduction in SSB hedonic liking was associated with reduced SSB consumption and habit. Conclusion This study demonstrates that an implementation intention–based intervention achieved substantial reductions in SSB consumption and habits. It also indicates that hedonic liking for SSBs and alternative drinks are associated with changes in consumption behaviour. Substituting SSBs with water or diet drinks was equally as effective in reducing SSB consumption. Keywords Sugar-sweetened beverages . Intervention . Habit . Hedonism . Behaviour change
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-020-09906-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Barbara Mullan [email protected] Gaby Judah [email protected] Monica Yee [email protected]
Caitlin Liddelow [email protected] 1
Institute of Global Health Innovation, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
2
Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
3
Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
Lina Johansson [email protected] Vanessa Allom [email protected]
Int.J. Behav. Med.
Introduction The overconsumption of sugar is associated with numerous health issues such as obesity, type II diabete
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