A high-efficient tunable liquid metal-based electromagnetic absorbing metamaterial
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A high-efficient tunable liquid metal-based electromagnetic absorbing metamaterial Qingxuan Liang1,* Dichen Li1,* 1
, Zhen Yang1, Jianyong Guo1, Zhaohui Li1, Tianning Chen1, and
School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
Received: 12 July 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 7 September 2020
Considerable attentions have been attracted to the implement of electromagnetic (EM) absorbing metamaterial in the past decade. Most of EM absorbing metamaterials focused on the design methods of increasing the broadband performance. However, high-efficient tunable EM absorbing metamaterials still remain a significant challenge. In this work, a 3D-printed high-efficient tunable liquid metal-based EM absorbing metamaterial was designed and demonstrated successfully. A square cavity with four gradient-depth T-shaped microchannels structure was considered as the unit cell of absorbing metamaterial. By taking advantage of the extraordinary fluidity and high conductivity of liquid metal, the high-efficient tunable capability with nearly perfect absorbance from 4.42 to 10.45 GHz and the absorbance over 95% from 3.13 to 4.44 GHz were obtained numerically and experimentally. The simulated results of absorbance agreed well with the measured ones. The designed absorbing metamaterial provides an outstanding way to achieve continuously tunable work frequency in a broadband frequency range, promoting potential application in multi-frequency microwave filters and electromagnetic shielding fields.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
1 Introduction Absorbing metamaterials (AMs) have attracted numerous interests via their unique electromagnetic (EM) characteristics of minimizing reflection and transmission of EM waves [1, 2]. AMs can achieve nearly perfect absorption owing to the excellent impedance matching capacity with background material of air [3]. Classic AMs could only operate in a narrow bandwidth regime which hindered its development in real-life applications [2, 4, 5]. Several
related researches have been proposed to improve the absorbing work bandwidth, such as introducing water-based metamaterials [6, 7], multilayered gradient unit cells [8, 9], and resistive load [10, 11]. However, the wider absorbing bandwidth is not always beneficial for some specific applications, such as multi-frequency microwave filter and high-efficient EM shielding in specified frequency. Tunable AMs capable of performing dynamic absorptive properties are perfect candidate to match the extensive pursues in a broadband frequency range. Some
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04459-4
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
works have been explored by using a microfluidic technology [12, 13], liquid crystal [14, 15], magnetic field [16, 17], and varactors capacitance [18, 19]. Particularly, liquid metal (LM) of EGaIn, which possesses high conductivity and excellent fluidity, can be used to the resonant metal layer to achieve t
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