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A Holistic Framework for Virtual Network Migration to Enhance Embedding Ratios in Network Virtualization Environments Mahboobeh Zangiabady1 · Alberto Garcia‑Robledo2 · Christian Aguilar‑Fuster1 · Javier Rubio‑Loyola1 Received: 31 July 2019 / Revised: 22 March 2020 / Accepted: 10 April 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract Network virtualization is a promising technology for overcoming Internet ossification by enabling multiple Virtual Networks (VNs) to coexist on a shared substrate network. One critical aspect in NV environments is the capability of operators to allocate resources in the substrate network to support VNs in an optimal manner. This is known as Virtual Network Embedding (VNE). In the same context, online VN migration is the process meant to re-allocate components of a VN in real-time and seamlessly to the end-users. Although progress has been made to address VN migration, there has been little investigation on integral migration approaches assessed under different VN environment conditions. The main contribution of this paper is a VN migration framework that addresses the online VN migration problem holistically, namely considering different aspects that affect the efficiency of resource (re)allocations and the VNE acceptance ratios, such as migration policies, trigger conditions, and the CPU capacity requirements for Intermediate Substrate Nodes. An evaluation methodology is developed for analyzing the performance of the proposed framework on substrate infrastructures of different sizes and densities. Extensive software simulations on substrate networks of varying size (50 to 250 nodes) and link density (0.06 to 0.6) discover the migration-oriented parameters that contribute to enhance VNE up to 18.7%. We also compare the framework performance against two state-of-the-art mechanisms that improve online VNE while looking for VNE solutions and observed acceptance ratio enhancements up to 3× higher when using our framework on a physical network with 100 nodes and a density of 0.06. Keywords  QoS · VNE acceptance ratio · Virtual network embedding · Virtual link migration problem · Software defined networking

* Mahboobeh Zangiabady [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article

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Journal of Network and Systems Management

1 Introduction The Internet is evolving and new technologies to meet the requirements of current and future services are currently under research, development, and deployment. One of these technologies is network virtualization (NV), which is considered a key enabler of the Future Internet as it allows building and operating multiple Virtual Networks (VNs) on top of substrate infrastructures [1]. A VN is a collection of virtual nodes and virtual links (VLs) mapped on a substrate network (SN) [2]. The process of mapping each virtual node to one substrate node and each virtual edge to one or more substrate edges is referred to as the Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) proble