A longitudinal study of the effect of ocular biometrics measures on myopia onset
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A longitudinal study of the effect of ocular biometrics measures on myopia onset Zhengyang Tao 1 & Hongwei Deng 1 Minjuan Zhu 1
&
Huahong Zhong 1 & Yang Yu 3 & Jun Zhao 1 & Shuiqiang Chen 2 & Shan Li 3 &
Received: 7 April 2020 / Revised: 12 September 2020 / Accepted: 6 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To investigate the relationship between ocular biometrics (OB) and myopia onset. Methods OB data from students in 4 grades (aged from 6 to 14 years) in China were collected in a 1.5-year longitudinal study. Refractive error was assessed with cycloplegic autorefraction. Results At baseline, 934 (56.33%) of the subjects (right eye) had myopia. The mean spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length to corneal radius (AL/CR) were − 2.14 ± 1.49 and 3.14 ± 0.11, respectively, in the subjects with myopia and − 0.09 ± 0.21 and 2.98 ± 0.07, respectively, in the subjects without myopia. The correlation between the SE and AL/CR was r = − 0.823 (P < 0.001). The slopes of the SE changing with the AL/CR (and R-squares) were − 0.28 to − 1.80 (0.01–0.14) in the no myopia group, − 3.40 to − 6.20 (0.20–0.48) in the low myopia group, and − 3.37 to − 11.34 (0.16–0.74) in the moderate and high myopia groups. The baseline AL/CR values in grades 1, 3, and 5 were higher in those who developed myopia within 1.5 years. The odds ratio of the AL/CR to myopia onset in 1.5 years was 1.096 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.060–1.135). Conclusions Of the five indicators, the AL/CR showed the best correlation with the SE. The adjoint and linear relationship between the AL/CR and the SE tended to increase with SE progression. When myopia progressed beyond a certain range, the AL/CR was significantly different in those without initial myopia who developed it within 1.5 years compared with those who did not. After adjusting for age, sex, school, and grade, the interpretation capability of the current AL/CR to myopia onset in 1.5 years was limited. Keywords Longitudinal study . Myopia . Ocular biometry . AL/CR . Linear
Key message: What is known from previous studies: Ocular biometrics measures are closely related to refractive error (which is mainly referred to as the spherical equivalent (SE) in this paper), and the axial length to corneal radius (AL/CR) showed the best correlation with the SE. What is new in this study: This paper revealed the adjoint relationship between the AL/CR and SE across different growth stages in children. The role of the AL/CR as a risk factor for children who are not initially myopic but develop myopia at the end of follow-up was also revealed.
* Hongwei Deng [email protected] 1
Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
2
Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
3
Nanshan Educational Science Research Institute of ShenZhen, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol
Introducti
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