A Low-Cost Time-Hopping Impulse Radio System for High Data Rate Transmission
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A Low-Cost Time-Hopping Impulse Radio System for High Data Rate Transmission Andreas F. Molisch ,1 Ye Geoffrey Li,2 Yves-Paul Nakache,1 Philip Orlik,1 Makoto Miyake,3 Yunnan Wu,4 Sinan Gezici,4 Harry Sheng,5 S. Y. Kung,4 H. Kobayashi,4 H. Vincent Poor,4 Alexander Haimovich,5 Jinyun Zhang1 1 MERL
Technology Lab, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Emails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
2 School
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0250, USA Email: [email protected]
3 Information
Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, 5-1-1 Ofuna, Kamakura, Kanagawa 247-8501, Japan Email: [email protected]
4 Department
of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA Emails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
5 Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102-1982, USA Emails: [email protected], [email protected]
Received 10 October 2003; Revised 1 June 2004 We present an efficient, low-cost implementation of time-hopping impulse radio that fulfills the spectral mask mandated by the FCC and is suitable for high-data-rate, short-range communications. Key features are (i) all-baseband implementation that obviates the need for passband components, (ii) symbol-rate (not chip rate) sampling, A/D conversion, and digital signal processing, (iii) fast acquisition due to novel search algorithms, and (iv) spectral shaping that can be adapted to accommodate different spectrum regulations and interference environments. Computer simulations show that this system can provide 110 Mbps at 7–10 m distance, as well as higher data rates at shorter distances under FCC emissions limits. Due to the spreading concept of time-hopping impulse radio, the system can sustain multiple simultaneous users, and can suppress narrowband interference effectively. Keywords and phrases: ultra-wideband, impulse radio, RAKE receiver, spectral shaping.
1.
INTRODUCTION
Ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless systems are defined as systems that use either a large relative bandwidth (ratio of bandwidth to carrier frequency larger than 25%), or a large absolute bandwidth (larger than 500 MHz). While UWB radar systems have been used for a long time, mainly in the military domain [1], UWB communications systems are a fairly recent development. The first papers in the open literature are those of Win and Scholtz [2, 3, 4], who developed the concept of time-hopping impulse radio (TH-IR) system. This concept excited immense interest in the area of military [5] as well as civilian [6] communications. Further advances of TH-IR are described, for example, in [7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. In 2002, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the US allowed unlicensed UWB communications [12].
This greatly increased commercial interest in UWB, leading to a large number of papers (see, e.g., [13,
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