A Manipulative Approach to Neural Dynamics by Combined TMS-EEG
We propose a new approach for manipulating neural dynamics by using combined TMS (Transcranial magnetic stimulation) – EEG (Electroencephalography) recordings. We demonstrate that we can perturb the phase dynamics of ongoing neural oscillations by TMS. Us
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Abstract We propose a new approach for manipulating neural dynamics by using combined TMS (Transcranial magnetic stimulation) – EEG (Electroencephalography) recordings. We demonstrate that we can perturb the phase dynamics of ongoing neural oscillations by TMS. Using the manipulative approach we can investigate (1) state-dependency in frequency-specific network connectivity by analyzing how
K. Kitajo () Laboratory for Cognitive Brain Mapping, RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Rhythm-Based Brain Computation Unit, RIKEN BSI – Toyota Collaboration Center, RIKEN BSI, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan e-mail: [email protected] Y. Nakagawa Rhythm-Based Brain Computation Unit, RIKEN BSI – Toyota Collaboration Center, RIKEN BSI, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Y. Uno Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8564, Japan R. Miyota Laboratory for Dynamics of Emergent Intelligence, RIKEN BSI, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan M. Shimono Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, USA Graduate School of Education, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan K. Yamanaka Department of Health Design, Showa Women’s University, Tokyo 154-8533, Japan Y. Yamaguchi Rhythm-Based Brain Computation Unit, RIKEN BSI – Toyota Collaboration Center, RIKEN BSI, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Laboratory for Dynamics of Emergent Intelligence, RIKEN BSI, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Y. Yamaguchi (ed.), Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (III), DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-4792-0 21, © Springer ScienceCBusiness Media Dordrecht 2013
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TMS-evoked phase reset of ongoing activity propagates from one cortical area to the rest of the brain in humans and (2) causal links between the neural dynamics and brain functions. We can causally confirm dynamical and computational models in manipulative manners using this approach.
1 Introduction Growing evidence indicates that synchronous neural oscillations are important in mediating perceptual and cognitive processes [1, 2]. A lot of “neural correlates” studies demonstrated the correlation between synchronous neural activity and brain functions. It is important, however, to show causal links between the neural dynamics and brain functions, which are beyond the correlation between them. Stochastic resonance is one of the ways to manipulate neural oscillations and look at functional changes in the human brain [3]. To address this issue more directly we propose another new manipulative approach using TMS-EEG. New findings on the human brain start to emerge from combined TMS–EEG studies [4, 5]. Massimini et al. for example, demonstrated evidence for a breakdown of long-range effective connectivity during NREM sleep by combined TMS–EEG recordings analyzing propagation of TMS evoked response across the brain [5]. This study suggests that TMS can transiently perturb and modulate cortical ongoing activity in the human brain. No study, h
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