A method for mass-rearing Liriomyza chinensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
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TECHNICAL NOTE
A method for mass‑rearing Liriomyza chinensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae) Chihiro Urairi1 · Akira Kawai1 · Mitsuyoshi Takeda1 Received: 23 March 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 © The Japanese Society of Applied Entomology and Zoology 2020
Abstract We established a method for mass-rearing the stone leek leafminer, Liriomyza chinensis (Kato) (Diptera: Agromyzidae), one of the most destructive pests of Welsh onion, Allium fistulosum L. We examined three methods that allow L. chinensis to produce eggs year-round. By recording the number of emerged adults for 4 years, we determined the optimal mass-rearing method as follows. Allium fistulosum plants used for oviposition are grown in pots and maintained in a growth chamber with temperature and photoperiod set to 22 ℃ and 14 L:10 D, respectively. Allium fistulosum plants are exchanged for a new set of plants three times in a 7-day period. On the first day, 300 adults are placed in the rearing cage. On the fifth day, another 100 emerged adults are placed in the rearing cage. Using this rearing method, it becomes possible to obtain more than 1,000 L. chinensis eggs in a day. Our goal is to select and breed a highly resistant line of A. fistulosum using a novel method for evaluating egg killing defenses via artificial inoculation of plants with L. chinensis eggs. Here we present our mass-rearing method to obtain large quantities of L. chinensis eggs. Keywords Stone leek leafminer · Liriomyza chinensis (kato) · Allium fistulosum · Mass-rearing · Welsh onion
Introduction The stone leek leafminer, Liriomyza chinensis (Kato) (Diptera: Agromyzidae), is a destructive pest of Allium spp. in Japan, Korea, China, and other Asian countries (Tran and Takagi 2005). This species was recorded nearly 40 years ago in France (Martinez 1982) and now is expanding its range in Eastern Europe (Martinov et al. 2016; Papp and Cerny 2017). Leaf punctures and mines made by female adults and larvae, respectively, reduce leaf photosynthetic rate (Choi et al. 2003) and often cause unacceptable damage to marketable parts of the green onion (Ueno and Tran 2015). Recently, a new strain (strain B) of L. chinensis was detected throughout Japan and the larval mining damage of this strain is far greater than that of the native strain (strain A) (Tokumaru and Uesugi 2019). Insect pest control is indispensable for field-grown Welsh onion plants, Allium fistulosum L. Although one A. fistulosum parental line, ‘Negi Chuukanbohon Nou 1’, with high resistance to the rust Puccinia allii (de Candolle) Rudolphi, * Chihiro Urairi [email protected] 1
Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, NARO, 360 Kusawa, Anou, Tsu, Mie 514‑2392, Japan
has been developed (Wako et al. 2012), no A. fistulosum line with insect resistance has been developed. Thus, developing a line of A. fistulosum with insect resistance is of great interest. One A. fistulosum variety, ‘Beicong’, has shown high resistance to L. chinensis (Sueyoshi et al. 2006), as evidenced by fewer leaf punctures and reduced mining. Ther
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