A method to predict solar photovoltaic soiling using artificial neural networks and multiple linear regression models
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A method to predict solar photovoltaic soiling using artificial neural networks and multiple linear regression models Kudzanayi Chiteka1
· Rajesh Arora1
· S. N. Sridhara1
Received: 28 December 2018 / Accepted: 16 July 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The adverse effects on performance and reliability of soiling on solar photovoltaics are the major areas of concern in today’s era. Environmental and meteorological solar photovoltaic soiling parameters were investigated for three 100Wp PV collectors installed at Harare Institute of Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe. The Boruta algorithm implemented in the random forest technique was used to select the most influential parameters in a given set of parameters used in soiling predictive modelling. Five most important variables which are PM10 , relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and wind direction were identified and used in modelling. Two soiling predictive models were developed using Artificial Neural Networks together with Multiple Linear Regression. The five selected most influential soiling variables were used in the two predictive models and the performance of the models was adequate with R2adj of 97.91% and 79.69%, respectively, for Artificial Neural Networks and Multiple Linear Regression. Moreover, the Residual Mean Square Error Values for the two models were 1.16% and 4.9% with Mean Absolute Percentage Errors of 6.3% and 10.6%, respectively, for Artificial Neural Networks and Multiple Linear Regression. The measured data indicated a mean daily loss in efficiency ηl of 0.083% and a standard deviation of (σl ) of 0.00973%. The investigation revealed that soiling prediction is of paramount importance as it give the basis for the determination of mitigation activities. If the energy loss due to soiling is known in advance, cleaning procedures will be planned ahead of time. The energy supply by such a solar photovoltaic system will be known in advance leading to the determination of an alternative energy source to cater for the deficit created by the anticipated energy loss due to soiling and the subsequent cleaning procedure. Keywords Soiling · Photovoltaic performance · Feature selection · Artificial neural networks · Multiple linear regression
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Kudzanayi Chiteka [email protected]
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1 Introduction Global warming issues and environmental degradation resulting from many causes including increased industrialization and urbanization have necessitated the widespread deployment of solar energy systems being an alternative to conventional energy sources [1–3]. Solar energy is the main source of renewable energy with theoretical capacity to fully supply the global energy needs. Its conversion is dependent on three main parameters which include radiation intensity, temperature and soiling which is classified as the third most important parameter in solar energy conversion. Isaifan et al. [4] highlighted the importance o
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