A Mixed Methods Study on Engagement and Satisfaction with a Digitally-Enhanced Pilot Intervention Among African American
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A Mixed Methods Study on Engagement and Satisfaction with a Digitally‑Enhanced Pilot Intervention Among African American and Hispanic Women J. C. John1,2 · J. Wang2 · L. H. M. McNeill2 · K. Basen‑Engquist2 · D. S. Hoover2,3 · C. R. Daniel2 · L. L. Strong2 Accepted: 21 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract African American and Hispanic women report less physical activity (PA) than non-Hispanic White women. As such, a digitally-enhanced 16-week social support pilot intervention was conducted to promote PA among African American and Hispanic women dyads. This study quantitatively and qualitatively examined the engagement and satisfaction of participants (N = 30; 15 dyads) assigned to the intervention. Intervention participants received telephone counseling calls based on motivational interviewing and a Jawbone UP activity monitor. Intervention engagement and satisfaction data were collected from the Jawbone UP, call logs, self-report questionnaires conducted at the 16-week follow-up, and two post-intervention focus groups. Nonparametric tests assessed group differences across engagement and satisfaction measures, and a manually-driven coding scheme was used to evaluate emerging themes from qualitative text. Participants demonstrated high engagement in the telephone counseling sessions and moderate engagement with the Jawbone UP. Friend/co-worker dyads and participants who were 45 years and older were more likely to use the device. Qualitative results emphasized participants’ appreciation for the counseling calls, the Jawbone UP, and the overall dyadic framework of the study to collectively nurture social support and accountability for PA. Overall, the intervention group reacted positively to study components. Additional research is needed to understand the role of technology in facilitating long-lasting PA change via social support in minority populations. Keywords Physical activity · Mhealth · Mixed methods · Qualitative data · Pilot study · Minority women · Dyads
Introduction Physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of many chronic conditions and supports overall wellbeing [1–9]. Yet, despite its benefits, a significant proportion of adults living in the United States fail to meet federal guidelines [10, 11]. Moreover, African American (AA) and Hispanic adults lag behind non-Hispanic White adults in meeting these recommendations [11], with AA and Hispanic women reporting the lowest PA levels [12–16]. As such, these two populations
* J. C. John [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Present Address: The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
2
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
3
Present Address: Asheville, NC, USA
necessitate culturally-relevant and novel intervention approaches to both encourage healthy PA and reduce PA disparities. Healthy behaviors such as PA engagement are more likely when individuals receive support in the form of encouragement
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