A multi-agent architecture for mobile sensing systems
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A multi‑agent architecture for mobile sensing systems Francisco Laport1 · Emilio Serrano2 · Javier Bajo2 Received: 21 September 2018 / Accepted: 28 November 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Mobile sensing systems based on smartphones, connected vehicles and integrated sensors on new mobile devices have become an important alternative for the development of intelligent services in large urban environments. Massive data collection and its real-time analysis are essential for big cities to move towards energy efficiency, sustainable mobility, protection of the environment and economic sustainability. Current research and applications are mainly focused on the use of individual devices and the analysis of information on a single domain (e.g. activity recognition). However, it is still necessary to provide solutions for social problems based on smart mobile devices connected to the city. In this paper, we present an architecture for mobile sensing systems in large cities based on the intelligent agent paradigm and multi-agent systems. The presented platform provides support for multi-purpose machine learning services, implementing expert learning agents in each domain where the system collects data. Furthermore, the main challenges in mobile sensing systems such as scalability in crowded environments, handling of a large amount of data and the increasing appearance of sensing devices are addressed by the architecture due to the agent paradigm and multi-agent systems suit these demands naturally. Keywords Mobile sensing · Multi-agent systems · Human-agent societies
1 Introduction The exponential growth during the last years of smartphones in the society together with the continued inclusion of more and more sensors into everyday devices (e.g. vehicles, household appliances, etcetera) allows applications to obtain large amounts of information about users activities and behaviors. This approach, applied in a large urban environment, will allow the city to provide intelligent systems to its population, which can help to improve their quality of life and social welfare. Citizens smart devices, such as
* Emilio Serrano [email protected] Francisco Laport [email protected] Javier Bajo [email protected] 1
Group of Electronic Technology and Communications, Department of Computer Engineering, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
Ontology Engineering Group, Artificial Intelligence Department, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
2
wearables, mobile phones, autonomous cars or electric bicycles are continuously gathering data from their surroundings. The communication and interaction of these devices can create a context-aware system, which based on the collected data through the sensors can provide to the city powerful tools to move towards energy efficiency, sustainable mobility, protection of the environment and economic sustainability. Given this new scenario, several challenges must be addressed. The main challenge for a sensin
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