A multicenter national survey of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to Spanish Pediatric Intensive Care Units
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LETTER
A multicenter national survey of children with SARS‑CoV‑2 infection admitted to Spanish Pediatric Intensive Care Units Rafael González Cortés1* , Alberto García‑Salido2, David Roca Pascual3, María Slöcker Barrio1, Juan Carlos de Carlos Vicente4 and SECIP Study Group on SARS-CoV-2 in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients © 2020 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Dear Editor, The pandemic outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 is the greatest challenge ever faced by intensive care units throughout the globe. Most studies report a low incidence and little need for hospitalization in children. Nevertheless, up to 10% of hospitalized children under 1 year of age require PICU admission [1]. The first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Spain were identified in February. The number of cases increased significantly during the following weeks [2]. Although children appear to be relatively spared of severe disease, the Spanish Ministry of Health reported over 200 children requiring admission to a pediatric ward, 10% of which were admitted to a PICU [3]. We present the preliminary results of a national multicenter registry of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children requiring intensive care. This initiative was launched by the Spanish Pediatric Intensive Care Society and included 47 PICUs. More than 90% of the PICUs included in the Spanish Public Healthcare System were represented in the study. Fifty patients were included in the registry between the 1st of March and 1st of May 2020. Underlying health conditions were reported in 24% of the patients. Table 1 shows the differences between patients requiring and those not mechanical ventilation. *Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, Madrid, Spain Full author information is available at the end of the article
The members of SECIP Study Group on SARS-COV2 in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients are listed in Acknowledgements. All members of the study group have collaborated to the study design and have approved final submitted manuscript version.
Our results show that, even though SARS-CoV-2 infection has a mild clinical course in most cases, some children can present with a severe disease requiring respiratory and haemodynamic support. Suspected paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PMIS) as described by Riphagen et al. [3] was present in more than a half of these patients. The need for mechanical ventilation (MV) was higher in younger patients, in those with higher organ failure scores, in those with pre-existing medical conditions and in those presenting with respiratory difficulty and ARDS, as described in adult patients [4]. Patients requiring MV were less likely to present with PMIS upon admission. Many adult studies have pointed out an association between the severity of the disease or the need for mechanical ventilation and some laboratory markers [4]. Nevertheless, we did not find any statistically significant differences regarding total leukocyte and lymphocyte count, C reacti
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