A Natural Montmorillonite-Based Magsorbent as an Effective Scavenger for Cadmium Contamination
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A Natural Montmorillonite-Based Magsorbent as an Effective Scavenger for Cadmium Contamination Sibel Tunali Akar Dilek Tunc
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Fatih Sayin & Irem Ozdemir &
Received: 7 April 2020 / Accepted: 25 June 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract In this study, a magnetic montmorillonite composite (MMC) was prepared by a coprecipitation method, evaluated as sorbent for Cd(II) ions and characterized by IR spectroscopy, SEM, EDX, VSM, and zeta potential measurement. The adsorption potential of MMC was tested in both batch and continuous modes at different initial pH levels, sorbent dosages, contact times, ionic strengths, flow rates, and bed depths. The adsorption performance of MMC was found maximum at an original solution pH of 5.9 with 0.18 g sorbent for Cd(II). Fast adsorption equilibrium was established within 10 min. Kinetic and isotherm studies showed that the adsorption data followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of MMC was 0.325 mmol g−1. Cd(II) adsorption was mainly controlled by ion exchange, electrostatic interaction, and surface complexation mechanisms. Desorption and reusability studies revealed that MMC can be a promising alternative for the effective adsorption of Cd(II) in aqueous solutions of environmental remediation.
S. Tunali Akar (*) : F. Sayin : D. Tunc Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TR-26040, Eskisehir, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] I. Ozdemir Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskişehir, Turkey
Keywords Montmorillonite . Magnetic sorbent . Adsorption . Cadmium . Isotherm . Kinetics
1 Introduction Toxic heavy metals such as Cd, As, Pb, Ni, Cu, Hg, Cr, etc. in water cause some potential health risks for humans and adversely affect the ecological environment (Trinh et al. 2019). Among these, Cd is extremely toxic and its exposure can result in skeletal damage, kidney diseases (Li et al. 2018a), testicular damage, edema, and hepatic dysfunction (Alese et al. 2018). The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the maximum concentration level of Cd as 0.003 mg/L in drinking water (Pyrzynska 2019). Therefore, Cd pollution has attracted great attention in recent years worldwide and many researches have been carried out since the 1970s related to the toxic effects of Cd to the environment and Cd removal strategies (Zhao et al. 2019). Several treatment methods such as precipitation, cementation, solvent extraction, membrane separation, adsorption, or ion exchange (Khairy et al. 2014) have been used for the removal of Cd from different environmental matrices. Most of these methods have some limitations such as disposal problems in the precipitation process due to large volumes and low density of sludge (Purkayastha et al. 2014). The membrane separation method has some disadvantages such as membrane damage probability, high operating cost, etc. (Li et al. 2018b). On the other han
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