A near infrared induced self-healable composite based on disulfide bonds for flexible electronics
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A near infrared induced self-healable composite based on disulfide bonds for flexible electronics Han Jia 1 & Shu-Ying Gu 1,2 Received: 5 March 2020 / Accepted: 2 July 2020 # The Polymer Society, Taipei 2020
Abstract Due to the damages caused during deformation of flexible electronic materials, the development of self-healing flexible electronic materials has received great attention. A self-healing flexible polyurethane nanocomposite obtained by the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is reported. The structure and self-healing properties of the nanocomposite were investigated by thermal analysis, tensile test and observation of surface morphology. After the introduction of CNTs, the tensile strength at break was improved from 1.45 MPa to 2.99 MPa as the loading content of CNTs was 5 wt%. The elongation at break decreased but still remained above 100%, indicating the composite was flexible enough for flexible and wearable electronics. Due to the photo-thermal effect of CNTs, the self-healing of the nanocomposite could be induced precisely, remotely and efficiently under irradiation of near infrared (NIR) laser without influencing the undamaged areas. The healing efficiency of the composite containing 3 wt% CNTs reached 90.1%. Besides, the nanocomposite could assist the recovery of the conductive layer coated on its surface under irradiation. Therefore, the polyurethane nanocomposite could be safely utilized as the flexible substrate for conductive layer of flexible electronics. Keywords Self-healing polyurethane . Disulfide bonds . Healing efficiency . Photo-thermal initiation . Flexible electronics
Introduction Self-healing polymers are biomimetic materials inspired by biological tissues which can not only repair internal and external damages, but also restore functions and enhance the reliability of the materials under appropriate conditions [1]. According to the mechanism, self-healing materials could be divided into extrinsic self-healing materials and intrinsic self-healing materials. The extrinsic self-healing materials restore the damages by the healants in capsules [2–5] or microfibers [6, 7] embedded in material matrices, while the intrinsic self-healing materials recover the original functions via the dissociation and recombination of reversible non-covalent bonds or covalent bonds. The reversible non-covalent bonds for self-healing include hydrogen bonding [8–10], metal-ion binding [11, * Shu-Ying Gu [email protected] 1
Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
2
Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
12], π − π stacking [13] and etc. Compared with reversible non-covalent bonds, reversible covalent bonds have higher bond energy which is useful for the construction of strong bonding between molecules. The reversible covalent interactions are varied from Diels−Alder (DA) bonds [14, 15], esterifcation [16, 17], reversible additi
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