A new numerical approach for MHD laminar boundary layer flow and heat transfer of nanofluids over a moving surface in th
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RESEARCH
Open Access
A new numerical approach for MHD laminar boundary layer flow and heat transfer of nanofluids over a moving surface in the presence of thermal radiation Stanford Shateyi1* and Jagdish Prakash2 *
Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Mathematics, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Abstract Numerical analysis has been carried out on the problem of magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow of a nanofluid over a moving surface in the presence of thermal radiation. The governing partial differential equations were transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. The resultant ordinary equations were then solved using the spectral relaxation method. Effects of the physical parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles as well as the local skin-friction coefficient and the heat and mass transfer rates are depicted graphically and/or in tabular form. MSC: 65PXX; 76-XX Keywords: MHD boundary layer flow; nanofluids; thermal radiation; moving surface
1 Introduction Many engineering and industrial processes involve heat transfer by means of a flowing fluid in either laminar or turbulent regimes. A decrease in thermal resistance of heat transfer in the fluids would significantly benefit many of these applications/processes. Nanofluids have the potential to reduce thermal resistances, and industrial groups such as electronics, medical, food and manufacturing would benefit from such improved heat transfer. It is well known that conventional heat transfer fluids, such as oil, water and ethylene glycol mixture, are poor heat transfer fluids. Choi [] introduced the technique of nanofluids by using a mixture of nanoparticles and the base fluids. The presence of the nanoparticles in the nanofluid increases the thermal conductivity and therefore substantially enhances the heat transfer characteristics of the nanofluid. Nanotechnology has been an ongoing hot topic of discussion in public health as researchers claim that nanoparticles could present possible dangers in health and environment, Mnyusiwella et al. []. There are several numerical studies on the modelling of natural convection heat transfer in nanofluids (Kaka and Pramuanjaroekij [], Godson et al. [], Olanrewaju et al. []). Gbadeyan et al. [] numerically studied boundary layer flow induced in a nanofluid due to a linearly stretching sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and induced magnetic field. Khan and Aziz [] studied natural convection flow of a nanofluid over a vertical plate with a uniform surface heat flux. Makinde and Aziz [] investigated boundary layer flow of a nanofluid past © 2014 Shateyi and Prakash; licensee Springer. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the or
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