A nonlinear model for a self-powered electromechanical actuator using radioactive thin films
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TECHNICAL PAPER
A nonlinear model for a self-powered electromechanical actuator using radioactive thin films Liu Yang1 • Jianshe Peng1 • Fuchun Sun1 • Jie Yang2 Received: 28 July 2020 / Accepted: 5 September 2020 Ó Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper presents a nonlinear model for the self-powered electromechanical actuator using radioactive thin films. The theoretical formulations are based on Hamilton principle and include the effects of geometric nonlinearity due to nonlinear curvature and load nonlinearity due to radioactive source. Two models which named as constant coefficient collector current model (CCM) and variable coefficient collector current model (VCM), respectively, are presented to formulate the electrostatic force. The nonlinear governing equations based on the CCM and VCM are solved using Galerkin principle and iterative method. The present nonlinear model is validated through direct comparisons with the experimental results in open literature. Numerical results show that the CCM is valid for small initial distance only whereas for large initial distance, the VCM must be used for accurate analysis. The effects of initial distance, cantilever beam length and thickness on the drop-down time of the self-powered electromechanical actuator are also discussed.
1 Introduction Use of the radiation of charged-particle-emitting materials to realize the collection of electric energy has been studied in the 1950s (Linder and Christian 1952). In 2002, a selfpowered electromechanical actuator which realizes a direct collected-charge-to-motion conversion is presented by Li. The central idea of the actuator is to collect the charged particles emitted from a radioisotope thin film by a cantilever (Li et al. 2002). This actuator provides a scalable self-powered platform for many micro power devices. In 2003, Li and Lal (2003) presents a self-powered reciprocating cantilever for vacuum sensing with RF pulse transmission realizing an integrated self-powered sensor and information transmission platform. RF pulse can be generated at the end of each cycle of the reciprocation if a dielectric plate is used as the cantilever, by impulse excitation of the dielectric waveguide. In 2004, the hybrid & Jianshe Peng [email protected] & Fuchun Sun [email protected] 1
School of Mechanical Engineering, Cheng Du University, Chengdu 610106, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Engineering, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
electromechanical systems with integrated power supplies are made possible with radioisotope thin films (Lal et al. 2004). A radioactively powered acoustic transmitter for application in wireless sensor nodes has been presented. The acoustic transmitter integrates a piezoelectric acoustic transducer with a self-reciprocating radioisotope powered piezoelectric micropower generator for long-life (tens of years) autonomous operation (Duggirala et al. 2004). In 2005, Lal et al. (2005) create a p
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