A Novel Combined Electromagnetic Treatment on Cemented Carbides for Improved Milling and Mechanical Performances
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INTRODUCTION
WC-CO cemented carbides have been widely used in cutting, machining, and rock drilling tools in recent decades due to their high hardness and strength, good fracture toughness, and wear resistance over a wide range of temperatures.[1–5] It is broadly acknowledged that the performance of cemented carbides in metal cutting is closely associated with the machining cost, quality, and efficiency and much effort has been devoted to improving the tool life and reducing the tool wear. Traditional approaches to strengthening tools or metals involve heat treatment[6] to alter the microstructure and deposition of wear-resistant coatings[7] to reduce the wear loss. These methods have the advantages of the ability to treat samples on a large scale, but they are usually expensive, and the processes are normally time consuming. To overcome the drawbacks of conventional methods, several new approaches such as magnetic and current treatments[8,9] were developed and investigated. Compared with traditional choices, these new methods possess many
JIAN LIU, CAN WEI, GANG YANG, LIBO WANG, LIN WANG, XIULI WU, and YI YANG are with the School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Sichuan Universtiy, Chengdu, 610065, China. Contact e-mail: [email protected] KYLE JIANG is with the School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. Manuscript submitted November 1, 2017.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
advantages in energy conservation, environmental protection, and efficiency. Specifically, the pulsed magnetic treatment (PMT) has a number of attractive features, e.g., alteration of surface hardness,[10] reduction of friction,[11] extension of wear lifetime,[12] enhanced fracture and corrosion resistance,[13] retardation of crack growth,[14] and reduction in residual stress.[15] Bataineh[16] studied the effects of magnetic fields on the wear loss of high-speed steel (HSS) tools during drilling of steels. It was found that pulsed magnetic treatment produced a drill life increase of 35.5 pct in tests with aggressive cutting conditions and a drill wear decrease of 10.0 pct in tests with mild cutting conditions. Alireza[12] performed extensive machining experiments using magnetized HSS tools in turning steel. A maximum 94 pct reduction in flank wear and a 66 pct improvement in cutting force were achieved in their study. Zhiqiang et al.[8] investigated the effect of pulsed magnetic field on the wear of a carbide micro-endmill and reported a 17 pct reduction in maximum minor flank wear width and a 27 pct reduction in chisel edge wear area of the micro-end-mill. Previous reports indicate that PMT has received increasing attention because the applied field has a short pulsed period and a low intensity, which means that it is easy to control the process at room temperature, thus potentially facilitating simultaneous processing of tools for improved mechanical properties and cutting performances in large quantities. Similar to PMT, the pulsed current treatment (PCT) developed years ago was used in proce
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