A Novel Durability Based Concrete Mix Design Using Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Modified Aggregate Band Grad
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RESEARCH PAPER
A Novel Durability Based Concrete Mix Design Using Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Modified Aggregate Band Gradation M. R. Kamal1,2 • R. Rumman1 • T. Manzur1,3
•
M. A. Noor1,4 • M. S. Bari1
Received: 29 February 2020 / Revised: 19 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 Iran University of Science and Technology 2020
Abstract This study focuses on proposing a novel mix design method giving emphasis to the durability of concrete and replacing cement with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) at certain percentages. It also includes band gradation of aggregate that merges fine and coarse aggregates to result in a single well-packed combined gradation. Two replacement levels (20% and 35%) of fly ash and three replacement percentages (20%, 65% and 90%) of slag by weight of cement were used to prepare a significant number of concrete mixes. Compressive strength, workability and durability of the prepared mixes were determined. Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT) was carried out for measuring durability of concrete. From the prepared mixes, it was possible to achieve 90-day RCPT value as low as 216-coulomb and 28-day compressive strength up to 46.5 MPa. Several contour plots were developed correlating the three mix design parameters (compressive strength, slump and durability) with cement and water contents. Finally, using the plotted contours, a mix design process has been organized into five simple steps that can easily be followed in order to proportion an optimized ratio of cement, aggregate and SCMs for preparing durable and economical concrete mixes. Keywords Concrete mix design Fly ash Slag Durability Combined aggregate gradation bands Contour plots
1 Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-020-00555-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & T. Manzur [email protected] M. R. Kamal [email protected]
Mix design of concrete is done to proportion the amount of concrete constituents for making it robust, durable and economical. Therefore, the amount of cement required for 3
Present Address: Department of Civil Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B2K3, Canada
4
Present Address: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Digital University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
R. Rumman [email protected] M. A. Noor [email protected] M. S. Bari [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
2
Present Address: Roads and Highways Department, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
123
International Journal of Civil Engineering
any construction can be reduced through mix design process which would eventually help to curtail the construction cost as well as ensure construction sustainability. Fly ash and slag are two common industrial wastes that can be used as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) to reduce carbon footprint [1, 2]. Both of these
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