A Novel Feature Extraction Approach with VBM 3D ROI Masks on MRI
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurological disorder that usually starts with aging. Alzheimer’s disease is a serious health and economic burden on governments, along with an increase in elderly population in developed and developing countries. There is no know
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tract. Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disorder that usually starts with aging. Alzheimer's disease is a serious health and economic burden on governments, along with an increase in elderly population in developed and developing countries. There is no known cause of this disease and there is no treatment. For this reason, early diagnosis of the disease, socioeconomic and psychological outputs and medical treatments are still a hot topic investigated in the world. Magnetic Resonance Imaging is one of the medical imaging techniques that show the progression of Alzhiemer in brain. Brain deterioration and volume loss of the disease first begins with memory regions and then spreads to other brain regions. If atrophy is observed and detected by manual methods, it may not be seen due to user dependency, operator error and inexperience. For these reasons, automatic, numerical and atlas-based methods are being developed for the observation and capture of neurological diseases. In this study, 99 Alzheimer patients and 99 normal control MR images were analyzed using Voxel Based Morphometry, one of the numerical methods of atrophy observations in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Losses in the brain were then produced as three-dimensional binary masks. Using these masks, normalized segmented, modulated normalized segmented, and normalized images that were stripped from the non-brain structures were masked. Histogram based first order statistical features were extracted in the masked areas. The efficany of this technique was statistically compared between Alzheimer's and normal control. MR images have been downloaded freely from the OASIS database. Keywords: Alzhiemer Disease, MR, First Order Statistic, Voxel Based Morphometry, Feature Extraction
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Introduction
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the serious neurological diseases that usually begin with aging. It is the most common type of dementia in 60-80% of dementia cases [1] and © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 A. Badnjevic (ed.), CMBEBIH 2017, IFMBE Proceedings 62, DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4166-2_80
reveals serious health expenditure in developed and developing countries [2]. AD is surprisingly increasing by about 68%, while HIV, heart disease, stroke, prostate cancer, breast cancer mortality rate are reduced by 42, 16, 23, 8, 2% from 2000 to 2010 [3]. It is estimated that there are about 400,000 people with AD in our country, but a serious prevalence and incidence study covering the whole of Turkey has not been done yet [4]. According to Annuel Alzheimer reports, 13.8 million people are expected to be affected in the United States by 2050 [5]. Alzheimer's has no known treatment or medication. At the same time, it is not known how it emerged and developed. Hence, almost all of the work related to AD is a hot research topic in the world. The brain is divided into three parts, gray matter (GM), white matter(WM) and cerebrospinal fluid. It is stated that the basic defects in Alzheimer's begin on the gray matter, but the white matter that provides the communication b
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