A Novel Method of Acoustic Source Localization Using Microphone Array
The acoustic source localization is widely used in tele-conference system. This article proposed a novel acoustic source localization algorithm for microphone array which is based on delay-and-sum beamforming and GCC-PHAT. The algorithm shows that time de
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A Novel Method of Acoustic Source Localization Using Microphone Array Chunlong Liao, Xiang Xie, Yongtao Jia, and Ming Tu
Abstract The acoustic source localization is widely used in tele-conference system. This article proposed a novel acoustic source localization algorithm for microphone array which is based on delay-and-sum beamforming and GCC-PHAT. The algorithm shows that time delay between microphones on a basis of GCC-PHAT can be estimated and localize the acoustic source in search space by using improved delay-and-sum beamforming algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is much more robust than TDOA alone as well as SRP-PHTA algorithm when in noise and reverberation environment. Keywords Microphone array • Acoustic source localization • Delay-and-sum beamforming
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Introduction
In the environment without noise, single microphone of high directivity can easily get localization direction. However, in real environment, the quality of collected signal may be decreased due to ambient noise. In order to solve the problem of limitation of single microphone system, microphone array for speech localization has been studied for years, which can be widely applied in fields like speaker localization [1], speech recognition and hearing aids [2].
C. Liao (*) • X. Xie • Y. Jia • M. Tu School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China 86-010-68915838 e-mail: [email protected] Q. Liang et al. (eds.), Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 202, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-5803-6_47, # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012
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Acoustic source localization with microphone array can be roughly divided into three categories [3, 4]: 1. Based on the maximum steerable output power beamforming technology. The acoustic source received by microphone array is filtered, weighted sum, and then directly point to the direction of maximum output power. 2. Directional technology based on high resolution spectral estimation. The method solves the correlation matrix between the microphone signals to set the direction angle, then further set the acoustic source position; 3. Technology based on time difference of arrival (TDOA). Firstly, find the time difference of sound reaching the different microphones, then re-use the time difference to obtain the distance of acoustic source reaching the different position of the microphones, finally determine the location of the acoustic source by searching or using geometric knowledge. This chapter suggests a fast search strategy for an energy map to locate the acoustic source direction, which is called a combination of TDOA and delay-sum beamforming algorithm. This strategy works because it first locate the quadrant of acoustic source in the coordinate by using GCC-PHAT, then using improved delaysum beamforming algorithm to scan specific direction in the located quadrant. It is particularly suitable for the case where there is prior knowledge of the spa
