A novel three-direction datum transformation of geodetic coordinates for Egypt using artificial neural network approach
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A novel three-direction datum transformation of geodetic coordinates for Egypt using artificial neural network approach H. T. Elshambaky 1 & Mosbeh R. Kaloop 2,3,4 & Jong Wan Hu 2,3 Received: 31 May 2017 / Accepted: 16 February 2018 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2018
Abstract The geodetic datum transformation in-between local and global systems seen in the world are inspiring for the engineering applications. In this context, the Egyptian geodetic network has a limited observation for the terrestrial and satellite of the geodetic networks. Transforming the coordinates of the Egyptian datum, here we demonstrate the datum transformation in three directions from global to local coordinates that utilized the artificial neural network (ANN) technique as a new tool of datum transformation in Egypt. A conventional, which are the Helmert and Molodensky, and numerical, which are the regression, minimum curvature surface, and ANN, datum transformation techniques are investigated and compared over the available data in Egypt. The results showed an accurate transforming datum using ANN technique for both common and check points, and the novel model improved the transformation coordinates by 37 to 72% in space directions. A comparison between the conventional and numerical techniques shows that the accuracy of the developed ANN model is 20.16 cm in terms of standard deviation based on the residuals of the projected coordinates. Keywords Datum transformation . Coordinates . Neural networks
Introduction Recently, the extension of existing geodetic control networks using traditional terrestrial techniques has become impractical over time. Therefore, it is a mandatory mission to combine satellite and terrestrial networks to grasp the benefit from modern technology measurements. The global positioning
* Jong Wan Hu [email protected] H. T. Elshambaky [email protected] Mosbeh R. Kaloop [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt
2
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
3
Incheon Disaster Prevention Research Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
4
Department of Public Works and Civil Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
system (GPS) networks are related to world geodetic system 1984 (WGS84) datum, while terrestrial geodetic networks are related to national, local, or regional geodetic datums (Rabah et al. 2015; Abou-Beih and Al-Garni 1996). To fully utilize the system, therefore, countries using different datums for their own coordinate bases have to either make a datum transformation platform between their datum and the global geodetic datum or change the datum to the global one (Kwon et al. 2005; Jones 2002). For this reason, datum transformation determination has become a major practice to transform the coordinates from the global geodetic datum to local datum. Geodetic datum transformation is the determination of a math
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