A practical approach for the interpretation of flowing well tests
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A practical approach for the interpretation of flowing well tests Emin Ciftci 1 Received: 7 August 2018 / Accepted: 30 November 2018 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2018
Abstract Flowing well test is one of the tools employed to identify transmissivity and storage coefficient of a confined aquifer where the potentiometric surface is located above the ground surface, so that the groundwater flows naturally from the well without pumping. During a flowing well test, constant hydraulic head is preserved at the well while the discharge from the well decreases with time and the temporal variation of discharge provides significant information about aquifer characteristics. In this study, a simple and straightforward approach is presented as an alternative to a number of graphical or error minimization-based techniques available in the literature for analyzing data from flowing well tests. The proposed method employs a polynomial regression equation to establish a link between observed discharge and the theoretical dimensionless discharge that is introduced in the analytical solution, so as to retrieve the aquifer parameters. The method is tested with a vast number of synthetically generated data sets as well as a real data set reported in the literature. Besides its simplicity, the present method is seen to produce highly accurate and reliable estimations. Keywords Flowing well . Constant head . Parameter estimation
Introduction Identification of aquifer parameters is crucial for sustainable and economical exploitation of groundwater sources. Different test techniques have been developed for the investigation of the hydrogeological formations. Among these, the most commonly utilized tool is the traditional pumping test where a pumping well is discharged with a constant rate while temporal variation of drawdown in a neighboring monitoring well is observed. Another assessment option is the recovery test, in which the rise of water level is measured at a monitoring well after the pump is shut down at the end of a pumping test. The slug test is an alternative practical aquifer test where certain amount of water is instantaneously added or removed from a well, and the variation of hydraulic head at the well is monitored. The data sets provided by these tests are then analyzed by different solution techniques to get the investigated hydrogeological parameters. The details of these techniques can be found in the literature (e.g., Theis 1935; Hantush 1964; * Emin Ciftci [email protected] 1
Civil Engineering Department, Maltepe University, 34857 Istanbul, Turkey
Cooper et al. 1967; Papadopulos and Cooper 1967; Bouwer and Rice 1976; Sen 1986; Kruseman and Ridder 1990; Kawecki 1993; Batu 1998; Şahin 2016; Şahin and Çiftçi 2016b; Şahin 2017). In addition to the aforementioned aquifer tests, flowing well test can be another option that can be employed to retrieve the required hydrogeological parameters of a confined aquifer where the system pressure is adequately high to allow groundwater to reach above ground
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