A rapid method for studying inclusion-metal interactions during consumable electrode processes
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-43r
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3. R. J. McClincyand A. H. Larson: Trans. TMS-AIME, 1969, vol. 245, p. 193-96. 4. K. V. Haig: Refining of Non-Ferrous Metals, p. 316, Inst. MiningMet., London, 1950. 5. L. B. Haney: Refining of Non-Ferrous Metals, p. 321, Inst. MiningMet., London, 1950. 6. H. Hartmann and F. Ensslin:Erzmetall, 1959, vol. 12, pp. 374-81,437-43, 537-43; 1960, vol. 13, pp. 53-58. 7. O. Kubaschewski,E. L. Evans, and C. B. Alcock:Metallurgical Thermochemistry, 4th ed., PergamonPress, London, 1967. 8. k G. Twidwell and A. H. Larson: 7~'ans. TMS-AIME, 1966, vol. 236, pp. 1414-20. 9. I. S. R. Clark, L. A. Baker, and A. E. Jenkins: Trans. Inst. MiningMet./Sect C, 1972, vol. 81, pp. C195-203; 1973, vol. 82, C1-9. l 0. W. Viaene: Bijdrage tot de studie van de Ot-Fe-G~sulfiden, Doktoraatstesis, Fakulteit der Wetenschappen,Katholieke UniversiteitLeuven, Belgium, 1967.
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~9
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Fig. 1--Detail of the phase d i a g r a m of Cu-S.
A Rapid Method for Studying Inclusion-Metal Interactions During Consumable Electrode Processes
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Fig. 2 - - D e c o p p e r i z i n g of lead with Cu-deficient sulfides. t h e d i f f u s i o n of C u - a t o m s . W e t h i n k i n t h e f i r s t p l a c e a t B i f o r two r e a s o n s . B i i s t r i v a l e n t a n d c a n thus distort the structure quite strongly, and Bi is in many cases the most important impurity left over, w h a t e v e r t h e p l a c e of t h e d e c o p p e r i z i n g s t e p i n t h e l e a d - r e f i n i n g f l o w - s h e e t . O t h e r i m p u r i t i e s l i k e A s , Sb, Se, T e , S n a n d A g s h o u l d p e r h a p s b e t a k e n i n t o a c c o u n t .
1. W. Krysko: Erzmetall., 1975, vol. 28, no. HI, pp. 40-43. 2. R. F. Blanks and G. M. Willis:Physical Chemistry of Process Metallurgy, vol. 8, part 2, p. 991, Interscience Publishers,New York, 1961. 150 VOLUME 7B,MARCH 1976
AND J. C A M E R O N
Previous experiments done on 300-series stainless s t e e l s to q u a n t i t a t i v e l y f o l l o w t h e p r o c e s s o f i n c l u s i o n assimilation by the matrix metal at various elevated t e m p e r a t u r e s w e r e h a n d i c a p p e d b y t h e 480 s h e a t - u p p e r i o d n e e d e d to e s t a b l i s h t h e d e s i r e d t e m p e r a t u r e g r a d i e n t . ~ It i s t h e i m p o s e d t e m p e r a t u r e g r a d i e n t t h a t i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e b r e a k - u p a n d s p h e r o d i z i n g of t h e s t r i n g e r i n c l u s i o n s f o u n d in r o l l e d a n d d r a w n e l e c t r o d e stock. A special reset zero time and long run periods w e r e n e c e s s a r y to c o m p e n s a t e o r b u f f e r t h e m e a s u r able changes in metallography which were clearly taking place during this long warm-up period. The m
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