A refined trans-Planckian censorship conjecture
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. Article .
January 2021 Vol. 64 No. 1: 210011 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-020-1623-9
A refined trans-Planckian censorship conjecture Rong-Gen Cai1* , and Shao-Jiang Wang2* 1 CAS
Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; 2 Tufts Institute of Cosmology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford 02155, USA Received August 9, 2020; accepted September 27, 2020; published online November 26, 2020
We propose a refined version of trans-Planckian censorship conjecture (TCC), which could be elaborated from the strong scalar weak gravity conjecture combined with some entropy bounds. In particular, no fine-tuning on the inflation model-building is required in the refined TCC, and it automatically passes the tests from those stringy examples that support the original TCC. Furthermore, our refined TCC could be consistent with hilltop eternal inflation. inflation, swampland conjectures, weak gravity conjecture PACS number(s): Citation:
04.60.-m, 98.80.Cq, 98.80.-k
R.-G. Cai, and S.-J. Wang, A refined trans-Planckian censorship conjecture, Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-020-1623-9
1 Introduction Decades of explorations along the string theory as a promising candidate for quantum gravity reveal a landscape [1] of a huge number of low-energy effective theories, beyond which the low-energy effective theories are conjectured mostly in the swampland [2] that admits no consistent completion into quantum gravity in the ultraviolet (UV). The string-inspired swampland criteria (see, for example, a review [3]) have been proposed to discriminate those seemingly innocent theories consistent at low-energy in the infrared (IR). The difficulties of locating de Sitter (dS) vacua in string theory have inspired the swampland dS conjecture (SdSC) [4] and its refinements [5-10]. The original SdSC [4] simply forbids any dS local extrema, which is in direct tension with the standard model Higgs potential [11-15] (see also ref. [16]) that has a dS local maximum. Therefore, the refined SdSC [5-8,10,17] was proposed to relax the constraint so that those *Corresponding authors (Rong-Gen Cai, email: [email protected]; Shao-Jiang Wang, email: [email protected])
China-Phys.
Mech.
Astron. 64, 210011 (2021),
local maxima with large second-derivatives in field space are allowed, while the rest of extrema are forbidden including all dS local minima. In particular, both requirements of no quantum broken dS [5, 18] and no eternal inflation [7] disfavour any stable dS local minima. Similarly, the trans-Planckian censorship conjecture (TCC) [19] was recently proposed to further relax the constraint that, all modes that exit the Hubble horizon at the end of inflation should have their physical length larger than the Planck length at the beginning of inflation, namely, ai /(af Hf ) > 1/MPl . This strongly constrains the duration of inflation on the elapsed e-folding number, MPl . (1) Hf Therefore, TCC further relaxes the swampland dS criteria
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