A review: additive manufacturing of flexure mechanism for nanopositioning system
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
A review: additive manufacturing of flexure mechanism for nanopositioning system Heebum Chun 1 & Xiangyu Guo 1 & Jung Sub Kim 1 & ChaBum Lee 1 Received: 13 April 2020 / Accepted: 5 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A comprehensive review relevant to the design and fabrication of nanopositioning stages based on additive manufacturing (AM) technology has been for the first time introduced in the academic society. With the development of AM technology, AM has been applied in many engineering design areas such as aerospace, automotive, consumer electronics, and so on. Due to current limitations of AM tolerance (surface quality, form error), process obscurity (melting pool, layer adhesion), and cost (especially for metals or composites), there are only a small number of AM-applied devices that are currently available either in the market or in many industry sectors above. The flexure mechanisms that are typically employed in nanopositioning applications can provide a sub-nanometer resolution motion; however, their current manufacturing methods (milling, electric discharge machining, water jet machining) not only limit complicated flexure mechanisms in 3D geometries but also prevent designers from challenging novel topology optimizations. AM can overcome those limitations of fabrication and material distribution. Furthermore, it can allow new design approaches to topology optimizations. This review presents current and future AM-based precision motion device applications. Here, both design and fabrication of flexure mechanisms applied with current AM technology and the potential of further developments were discussed. Keywords Flexure mechanism . Nanopositioning . Additive manufacturing . Precision motion devices . Topology optimization
1 Introduction 1.1 Additive manufacturing The development of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies was driven by industry, looking for ways to produce rapid prototypes at low cost without the need for dedicated toolings such as injection molding. AM has offered solutions to shorten the production development cycles and product lead time. Since the 1980s, a number of rapid prototype (RP) technologies have been developed. This technology builds threedimensional objects by adding materials layer by layer from digital information. The transition of these technologies into the manufacturing industry has been termed rapid manufacturing (RM) and the growth of this industry has also been fed by the expiration of some of the early patents held on the fused * ChaBum Lee [email protected] 1
J. Mike Walker 66’ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3123 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
deposition modeling (FDM) process by Stratasys. Rapid manufacturing led to the expansions of the open-source 3D printers, including the MakerBot, RepRap, and Solidoodle that can now be easily purchased or built for under $1000. The AM processes will have an enormous impact on the manufacturing and design of components in the 2
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