A review on utilization of steel slag in hot mix asphalt
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A review on utilization of steel slag in hot mix asphalt Hitesh Kumar, Sudhir Varma* Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Bihār 801103, India Received 1 February 2020; received in revised form 1 August 2020; accepted 3 August 2020
Abstract
Road construction involves large quantity of construction materials, primarily obtained from natural sources. Utilization of waste materials in construction activities can reduce burden on these natural sources. To achieve sustainable development, use of steel slag as a substitute to natural-aggregates has gained significant attention. Steel slag as aggregate has many well-known applications in road construction such as, hot mix asphalt, cement concrete mix, antiskid-layer, granular-base and subbase layers. This paper review development in various aspects of utilizing steel slag aggregate in dense graded hot mix asphalt. Properties of steel slag can significantly influence performance of roads. Chemical composition and physical and mechanical properties of steel slag have been reviewed in consideration of its suitability in asphalt mix. Findings from asphalt mix design studies indicate that, steel slag asphalt mix can be designed to satisfy both volumetric and mechanical properties. However, caution need to be exercised to ensure that addition of steel slag does not lead to undesirable change in performance of mix. Review of laboratory and field performance evaluation studies related to skid, moisture, fatigue and rutting failures are presented in the paper. Keywords: Steel slag; Synthetic aggregate; Asphalt mix; Mix design
1. Introduction Road construction involves large quantity of construction materials, primarily obtained from natural sources. Aggregate is one of the major construction material that is used in road construction. Increasing rate of road construction has led to increase in consumption of aggregate. Depletion of natural sources of aggregate may not only create deficit in future, but may also significantly disturb environmental balance. To provide possible alternatives to natural aggregates, researchers and practitioners have been studying several potential materials, suitable for producing synthetic aggregates [1-6]. Currently, several byproducts or waste materials, such as steel slag [2,7-9], mining wastes [2,10] and construction and demolition wastes [9,11,12] are used as aggregates in road construction. Utilization of by-products or waste materials in road construction activities can reduce the burden on natural sources. Among the various by-products or waste materials, utilization of steel slag as aggregate in road construction has gained the most popularity worldwide. Steel slag is an industrial waste produced as a byproduct during steel manufacturing process. It is obtained either by melting scrap * Corresponding author E-mail addresses: [email protected] (H. Kumar,); [email protected] (S
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