A safeguard measure of endemic and endangered plant species: cryostorage of Dianthus taxa
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A safeguard measure of endemic and endangered plant species: cryostorage of Dianthus taxa A. Halmagyi1 I. Holobiuc4
· A. Coste21
· V. Cristea
· L. Jarda2
· A. Butiuc-Keul3
·
Received: 1 April 2020 / Revised: 4 August 2020 / Accepted: 6 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the optimum parameters for high regrowth following cryostorage (− 196 °C) of seven endemic and endangered Dianthus species. A cryopreservation approach based on a droplet-vitrification protocol was successfully applied using explants (shoot apices and axillary buds) from a collection of in vitro grown Dianthus species. The plants were micropropagated for two years prior using them as explant donors. Osmoprotection in different sucrose concentrations and various dehydration durations in the plant vitrification solution (PVS2) were tested to assess survival and regrowth following cryostorage. The regrowth rates after cryostorage ranged between 63% (D. glacialis ssp. gelidus) and 73% (D. nardiformis) and were achieved after osmoprotection in 0.5 M sucrose and 30 min dehydration in PVS2 for D. glacialis ssp. gelidus and osmoprotection in 0.25 M sucrose and 30 min dehydration in PVS2 for D. nardiformis. The morphogenetic response to liquid nitrogen storage was direct multiple shoot formation for both non-cryopreserved and cryopreserved explants for all species. This biotechnological approach can be efficiently applied for the ex situ conservation of endemic and endangered Dianthus species to ensure the long-term conservation of biodiversity.
Communicated by Daniel Sanchez Mata. This article belongs to the Topical Collection: Ex-situ conservation. & A. Coste [email protected] & A. Butiuc-Keul [email protected] 1
Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, Branch of NIRDBS, Republicii 48, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
‘Alexandru Borza’ Botanical Garden, Babes¸-Bolyai University, Republicii 42, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Laboratory of Plant Biology, Genetics, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babes¸-Bolyai University, Koga˘lniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
4
Institute of Biology, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independent¸ei 296, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
123
Biodiversity and Conservation
Keywords Biodiversity · Conservation · Liquid nitrogen · PVS2
Introduction Climate changes, habitat destruction and loss, are significant threats to global biodiversity and ecosystem integrity (Urban 2015) which have already affected plant diversity worldwide (Nunez et al. 2019). Moreover, endemic plant species are usually more vulnerable to anthropogenic threats (Coelho et al. 2020). In Europe, as region with long land use history, the European Union was determined to set new policy goals to preserve biodiversity (De Meester et al. 2011). Arguments for the importance of biodiversity conservation including a multi-national exploration of stakeholder’s views, have been comprehensively revised and analyzed (Berry et al. 2018), de
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