A Scheme for Blocking Non-Specific Antibody Binding on Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes
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1092-BB02-07
A Scheme for Blocking Non-Specific Antibody Binding on Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Kasif Teker Physics and Engineering, Frostburg State University, 101 Braddock Rd., 123A Compton Science Center, Frostburg, MD, 21532 ABSTRACT Bioconjugated nanotubes combined with the sensitive nanotube-based electronic devices would enable sensitive biosensors toward medical diagnostic. Furthermore, recent findings of improved cell membrane permeability for carbon nanotubes would also expand medical applications to therapeutics using carbon nanotubes as carriers in gene delivery systems. One of the main issues in nanobio systems is the specificity, which requires biofunctionalization of nanomaterials for recognition of only one type of target biomolecule. This study presents an effective functionalization scheme for preventing non-specific antibody binding on nanotubes. Non-specific antibody binding on nanotubes was successfully prevented by co-adsorption of a bio-compatible polymer PEG and a surfactant (NaDDBS) on nanotubes. Optical studies through confocal microscopy revealed very minimal non-specific antibody binding on the PEG/NaDDBS-coated nanotubes (WCC < 0.05) compared to high degree of non-specific antibody binding on nanotubes without PEG pretreatment (WCC >0.80), as determined by weighted co-localization coefficients (WCC). In addition to the confocal microscopy studies, electronic detection studies revealed that PEG/NaDDBS pretreated devices exhibited very little conductance change due to antibody adsorption compared to the devices without any PEG/NaDDBS pretreatment. These findings indicate that the PEG/NaDDBS pretreatment is a very effective functionalization scheme in preventing non-specific antibody binding on nanotubes. INTRODUCTION Solubilization and biological functionalization of carbon nanotubes have greatly increased the usage of carbon nanotubes in biomedical applications such as biosensors and nanoprobes. Researchers have been exploring their applications as building blocks for nanodevices such as probes [1], electron-field emission sources [2], chemical sensors [3], and transistors [4]. Furthermore, novel biological devices have been fabricated by integrating nanotubes with organic molecules. For example, covalently functionalized carbon nanotube probes have been found to be chemically sensitive to be used as the scanning probe microscopy mapping of biofunctional receptors [5]. One of the main issues in nanobio systems is the specificity, which requires biofunctionalization of nanomaterials for recognition of only one type of target biomolecule and rejection of others. This is very critical, for example, for detecting protein biomarkers to assess the presence or the state of a disease. Biomarkers are molecules that can be measured in blood, other body fluids, and tissues to assess the presence or the state of a disease. The nanotube-based bioelectronic devices have recently been used to detect live breast cancer cells [6] and prostate specific antigen (PSA) [7].
The research of carbon nanotube
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