A semantic graph database for the interoperability of 3D GIS data
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A semantic graph database for the interoperability of 3D GIS data Eva Savina Malinverni 1 Francesco Di Stefano 1
&
Berardo Naticchia 1 & Jose Luis Lerma Garcia 2 & Alban Gorreja 1 & Joaquin Lopez Uriarte 3 &
Received: 9 January 2020 / Accepted: 12 August 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract In the last decades, the use of information management systems in the building data processing led to radical changes to the methods of data production, documentation and archiving. In particular, the possibilities, given by these information systems, to visualize the 3D model and to formulate queries have placed the question of the information sharing in digital format. The integration of information systems represents an efficient solution for defining smart, sustainable and resilient projects, such as conservation and restoration processes, giving the possibilities to combine heterogeneous data. GIS provides a robust data storage system, a definition of topological and semantic relationships and spatial queries. 3D GIS makes possible the creation of threedimensional model in a geospatial context. To promote the interoperability of GIS data, the present research aims first to analyse methods of conversion in CityGML and IndoorGML model, defining an ontological domain. This has led to the creation of a new enriched model, based on connections among the different elements of the urban model in GIS environment, and to the possibility to formulate queries based on these relations. The second step consists in collecting all data translated into a specific format that fill a graph database in a semantic web environment, while maintaining those relationships. The semantic web technology represents an efficient tool of interoperability that leaves open the possibility to import BIM data in the same graph database and to join both GIS and BIM models. The outcome will offer substantial benefits during the entire project life cycle. This methodology can also be applied to cultural heritage where the information management plays a key role. Keywords 3D GIS . CityGML . Ontology . Graph database . Semantic web . Interoperability
Introduction Projects in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) sector are becoming increasingly large and complex, generating different types of information. The use of information technologies in the building data processing led to radical changes to the methods of production, management and archiving of data documentation. In particular, 3D model visualization and query
formulation are offered by many information systems at the building and terrain scale for data access (graphics, photos, technical documents, regulations, etc.) linked to the object. Information systems are based on the digital representation with an informative 3D model linked to a relational database, which is an archive where all data of the object, in different formats, can be collected together under the entityrelationship model. Therefore, they represent useful tools for
* Eva Savina Malinverni e.s.malinver
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