A Standard-Compliant Virtual Meeting System with Active Video Object Tracking
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A Standard-Compliant Virtual Meeting System with Active Video Object Tracking Chia-Wen Lin Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan Email: [email protected]
Yao-Jen Chang Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan Email: [email protected]
Chih-Ming Wang Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan Email: [email protected]
Yung-Chang Chen Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan Email: [email protected]
Ming-Ting Sun Information Processing Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA Email: [email protected] Received 2 October 2001 and in revised form 24 March 2002 This paper presents an H.323 standard compliant virtual video conferencing system. The proposed system not only serves as a multipoint control unit (MCU) for multipoint connection but also provides a gateway function between the H.323 LAN (localarea network) and the H.324 WAN (wide-area network) users. The proposed virtual video conferencing system provides userfriendly object compositing and manipulation features including 2D video object scaling, repositioning, rotation, and dynamic bit-allocation in a 3D virtual environment. A reliable, and accurate scheme based on background image mosaics is proposed for real-time extracting and tracking foreground video objects from the video captured with an active camera. Chroma-key insertion is used to facilitate video objects extraction and manipulation. We have implemented a prototype of the virtual conference system with an integrated graphical user interface to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methods. Keywords and phrases: video conference, virtual meeting, immersive video conference, networked multimedia, multipoint control unit, MCU, multimedia over IP, object segmentation, object tracking.
1. INTRODUCTION With the rapid growth of multimedia signal processing and communication, virtual meeting technologies are becoming possible. A virtual meeting environment provides the remote collaborators advanced human-to-computer or even human-to-human interfaces so that scientists, engineers, and businessmen can work and conduct business with each other as if they were working face-to-face in the same environment. The key technologies of virtual meeting can also be used in many applications such as telepresence, remote collaboration, distance learning, electronic commerce, entertainment, Internet gaming, and so forth.
A virtual conferencing prototype, personal presence system (PPS), which provides user presentation control (e.g., scaling, repositioning, etc.) was firstly proposed in [1, 2]. Due to the large computational demand, a powerful dedicated hardware is required for supporting the virtual meeting functionality, thereby leading to a high implementation cost. Recently, several works have been done with a focus on the development of avatar-based virtual co
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