A stream cipher algorithm based on 2D coupled map lattice and partitioned cellular automata
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A stream cipher algorithm based on 2D coupled map lattice and partitioned cellular automata Zhuo Liu · Yong Wang
· Yi Zhao · Leo Yu Zhang
Received: 8 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The two-dimensional coupled map lattice (2D CML) is a spatiotemporal chaotic model with complex dynamic behavior and has high potential for designing stream cipher. We propose an offset 2D CML model by adding different offsets for each lattice. The offset 2D CML model has better chaotic properties, such as larger Lyapunov exponent (LE) and more uniform chaotic sequences, than the original 2D CML model, which provides a good basis for constructing stream cipher. We combine the offset 2D CML model with the partitioned cellular automata (PCA) and propose a stream cipher algorithm. In our algorithm, the PCA is used to control the extraction of pseudorandom number from the offset 2D CML model, which effectively hides the orbit information of system and Z. Liu · Y. Wang (B) · Y. Zhao College of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China Z. Liu School of Mathematics and Big Data, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China e-mail: [email protected] Y. Wang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China e-mail: [email protected] L. Y. Zhang School of information technology, Deakin University, Victoria 3216, Australia e-mail: [email protected]
enhances the difficulty of attacking chaotic sequences. Moreover, some fast nonlinear transform operations are specially introduced into our algorithm to further improve the complexity and the running speed. Theory analysis and simulation test both confirm that the proposed stream cipher algorithm has excellent statistical performance, high security and computational efficiency. It has great potential for guaranteeing data security in the Internet. Keywords Coupled map lattice · Partitioned cellular automata · Stream cipher · Chaos-based cryptography
1 Introduction In the past decades, stream cipher, as one of the foundation technique in cryptography, has played an important role to guarantee the data security. Owing to the randomness and initial sensitivity of chaos, the chaosbased stream ciphers have been widely studied by researchers [1,2], since it was first proposed in 1982 [3]. In recent years, the high-dimensional chaotic system, which owns a larger LE and more complex dynamic performance, is popularly utilized in the chaos-based secure communication [4–7]. The coupled map lattice (CML), as one of the typical spatiotemporal models [8], has been used as the core component to construct stream ciphers [9–11]. As we know, the problem dynamical degradation is inevitable when using chaotic system in a digital envi-
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ronment. Some chaos-based cryptosystems may have serious security flaws due to this problem. According to the researches in [12,13], the c
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