A Survey on the Safety of and Patient Satisfaction After Nipple-Areola Tattooing
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
BREAST SURGERY
A Survey on the Safety of and Patient Satisfaction After NippleAreola Tattooing Shoichi Tomita1 • Katsuya Mori2 • Hitomi Yamazaki2
Received: 11 August 2020 / Accepted: 11 October 2020 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2020
Abstract Background Nipple-areolar tattooing is well accepted as part of breast reconstruction, but the clinical data on its safety and patient satisfaction after the procedure are insufficient. We aimed to evaluate the complications of and patient satisfaction after nipple-areola tattooing in Japanese post-mastectomy breast reconstruction patients. Methods Patients who visited our center after undergoing nipple-areola tattooing from January 2017 to March 2020 were given an unmarked questionnaire with questions about complications related to their nipple-areola tattoo. Patients’ registered their subjective evaluation responses regarding nipple-areola appearance using visual analog scale and that regarding overall satisfaction using 5-point Likert scale and free-text responses. Patients who were followed up within 6 months after tattooing or those with incomplete data were excluded. Results Sixty-two patients (average age: 49.7 ± 9.8 years), with an average post-tattooing period of 21.2 ± 10.5 months, were included. No patient had infections or allergic reactions. The average VAS score for nipple-areola appearance was high (8.5), and 59 patients (95.3%) answered that they were satisfied. In the free-text patient responses, 25 patients answered that they now felt comfortable going to the hot spring or taking a bath with their children, and 19 patients reported improved mental health after the procedure. & Shoichi Tomita [email protected] 1
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Tokyo, Japan
2
Shibuya Mori Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
Conclusion Post-breast reconstruction nipple-areola tattooing with sterilized inorganic pigments could achieve high esthetics and patient satisfaction, without serious complications. It is recommended for Japanese individuals with a culture of visiting hot springs and public baths. Level of Evidence IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which evidence-based medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes review articles, book reviews, and manuscripts that concern basic science, animal studies, cadaver studies, and experimental studies. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the table of contents or the online instructions to authors www. springer.com/00266. Keywords Breast reconstruction Nipple-areola tattoo Patient satisfaction Safety Survey
Introduction Nipple-areola reconstruction is the final, important, and essential process of breast reconstruction. Patients with nipple reconstruction after breast reconstruction have higher general and esthetic satisfaction rates t
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