A Systematic Review of Probiotic Interventions for Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Chronic Fat
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A Systematic Review of Probiotic Interventions for Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) Matthew Corbitt 1
&
N. Campagnolo 1,2 & D. Staines 1,2 & S. Marshall-Gradisnik 1,2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and irritable bowel (IB) symptoms have been associated with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME). The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of these symptoms in CFS/ME, along with any evidence for probiotics as treatment. Pubmed, Scopus, Medline (EBSCOHost) and EMBASE databases were searched to source relevant studies for CFS/ME. The review included any studies examining GI symptoms, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and/or probiotic use. Studies were required to report criteria for CFS/ME and study design, intervention and outcome measures. Quality assessment was also completed to summarise the level of evidence available. A total of 3381 publications were returned using our search terms. Twenty-five studies were included in the review. Randomised control trials were the predominant study type (n = 24). Most of the studies identified examined the effect of probiotic supplementation on the improvement of IB symptoms in IBS patients, or IB symptoms in CFS/ME patients, as well as some other significant secondary outcomes (e.g. quality of life, other gastrointestinal symptoms, psychological symptoms). The level of evidence identified for the use of probiotics in IBS was excellent in quality; however, the evidence available for the use of probiotic interventions in CFS/ME was poor and limited. There is currently insufficient evidence for the use of probiotics in CFS/ME patients, despite probiotic interventions being useful in IBS. The studies pertaining to probiotic interventions in CFS/ME patients were limited and of poor quality overall. Standardisation of protocols and methodology in these studies is required. Keywords Chronic fatigue syndrome . Myalgic encephalomyelitis . Gastrointestinal symptoms . Irritable bowel symptoms . Probiotics
Introduction Chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a complex and chronic illness with an unknown aetiology [1]. Patients diagnosed with CFS/ME experience a considerable loss in their quality of life and typically display a consistent, yet diverse symptomatology [1]. These include Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-018-9397-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Matthew Corbitt [email protected] 1
National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
2
School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
persistent, unexplained fatigue, changes in memory and concentration, irritable bowel (IB) symptoms and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms [2]. However, patients oft
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