A Systematic Review of Technology-Assisted HIV Testing Interventions
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BEHAVIORAL-BIO-MEDICAL INTERFACE (RJ DICLEMENTE AND JL BROWN, SECTION EDITORS)
A Systematic Review of Technology-Assisted HIV Testing Interventions Keith J. Horvath 1 Rob Stephenson 4
&
Teresa Walker 1 & Linda Mireles 1 & Jose A. Bauermeister 2 & Lisa Hightow-Weidman 3 &
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to describe and assess the literature on mobile health (mHealth) and other technology-based HIV testing interventions published in the 5-year period from 2015 to 2020. Recent Findings We identified 18 published technology-based studies, 6 of which were efficacy trials and the remaining 12 were either pilot randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-experimental studies. Most (n = 10) interventions were conducted outside the USA, including countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (n = 4), China (n = 3), Latin America (n = 2), and India (n = 1). All efficacy trials showed some evidence of efficacy, although uptake of HIV testing was low among in intervention trials that consisted of a low number of text messages. Most pilot RCTs demonstrated high levels of feasibility and acceptability, as well as some evidence that the intervention participants benefited more than the control group. Many non-randomized trials similarly reported positive appraisal by study participants. Recommendations for future research and practice by the authors of the studies reviewed here are summarized. Summary Technology-assisted HIV testing interventions may be an important strategy to reach national and global targets for HIV status awareness in the general population and for most at-risk groups. Although there appears to be growing evidence of their benefit, questions linger regarding how to leverage existing social media platforms to promote HIV testing, which interventions work for what populations, and best practices for scaling up mHealth and other technology-based interventions. Keywords HIV . Testing . eHealth . mHealth . Intervention
Introduction Globally, nearly 38 million people are estimated to be living with HIV, with 1.7 million people newly infected in 2018 and This article is part of the Topical Collection on Behavioral-Bio-Medical Interface * Keith J. Horvath [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
2
School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
3
Institute for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
4
Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, and the School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
770,000 people dying from AIDS-related illnesses in the same year [1]. Seventy-nine percent of persons globally living with HIV know their HIV-positive status, resulting in 8.1 million people who are unaware that they have HIV [1]. Central to the success of the UNAIDS 2030 95-95-95 < span > [2] targets 95% of people who are living with HIV know their status, of whom 95% receive AR
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