A world renowned psychophysiologist: Kaoliang Chow
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Protein & Cell
RECOLLECTION A world renowned psychophysiologist: Kaoliang Chow Lei Zhang1, Lijun Wang2&, Benyu Guo1, Yanyan Qian3, Qingming Liu1& 1
School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China 3 Social and Behavioral Sciences Facility, Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RB, Netherlands & Correspondence: [email protected] (L. Wang), [email protected] (Q. Liu) Accepted September 28, 2020
Kaoliang Chow (周杲良, 1918–1998) (Fig. 1), was a worldrenowned psychophysiologist and neurophysiologist (Meng, 2012). He had a prominent family background, was well educated, and made significant contributions towards understanding the relationship between brain and behavior, especially regarding the processing of vision by the brain. He was among the founders of the neuroscience doctoral program and a major figure in research and training at the Stanford University School of Medicine. On April 21, 1918, Chow was born in Tianjin, China, while his ancestral home was in Jiande county (currently Dongzhi) in the Anhui province of China. His family was well known and well-respected in China. His great-grandfather, Fu Chow (周馥), was a powerful government officer of the late Qing Dynasty and had managed several provinces, and his granduncle, Xuexi Chow (周学熙), served as the chief financial officer of the Beiyang government and was the forerunner of the modern industry and modern education. His father, Shutao Chow (周叔弢), the former vice-chairman of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), was a politician, a collector as well as a specialist on relics, and his uncle, Shujia Chow (周叔伽), was a Buddhist scholar and educator. Chow’s brothers are all famous scholars in different fields (Fig. 2). His prestigious family has had a great influence on academia. The famous contemporary writer, Huang Shang (黄裳), mentioned in the preface of Ruchang Chow’s (周汝昌) book Xian Qin Ji (献芹集) that Chow once brought the Chow’s block-printed edition of Qu Yuan Fu Zhu (屈原赋注) to school, and he introduced it as the first primer on science of edition (Chow, 1985). Raised in a literary family, Chow was addicted to reading, and he often wrote to his father that he did not have enough books to read (Chow, 2013). Being well-read, Chow had a solid foundation in different areas. Whether it was politics, economy, history, literature, or art, he could cite the classics and present his
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ideas with depth and dimensions (Yenching University Research Institute, 2002) (Fig. 3). From 1938 to 1950, Chow studied at the Yenching University, followed by Harvard University, where he was deeply influenced by the top scholars from both China and America in psychology, neurobiology, and neuropsychology. In 1938, Chow began his college life at the Yenching University and graduated in 1943 (Zhang, Wang, and Qian, 1999). His teachers, including Zhiwei Lu (陆志伟), and Rende Xia (夏仁德) were all pioneers in the field of psychology in China. Chow studied psychology under t
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