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What types of bicycle do the bike to work participants have? To what other means of transportation do they have access? The mobility portfolio or equipment of the bike to work participants is discussed in two stages, looking first at which type of bicycle
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What types of bicycle do the bike to work participants have? To what other means of transportation do they have access? The mobility portfolio or equipment of the bike to work participants is discussed in two stages, looking first at which type of bicycle they have and then at their access to or ownership of motorised vehicles and public transport passes. This section enables us to clarify the results of the previous chapter, in particular with regards to combining cycling and other modes of transport.
6.1 The Emergence of the Electrically Assisted Bicycle Mechanical bicycles are, unsurprisingly, the best known and most widespread type of bicycle: almost 9 out of 10 participants have one and more than 80% used it for bike to work (Table 6.1). However, the electrically assisted bicycle is also on the rise, as indicated by the fact that 18% of participants own one, even if not all of them used it during the scheme.1 Electrically assisted bicycles play a role in extending the practice of cycling across profiles and territorial contexts. Women (49.6%) are almost as likely as men (50.4%) to use electric bikes, while the gap is larger for conventional bicycles (41% versus 59%). E-bike uses are also older: 76% are aged over 40, a much higher percentage than for conventional bicycles (57.4%). The electrical assistance allows more women and people in the second half of their professional career to continue to cycle while exerting less physical effort. The lowest incomes (less than 3,000 francs 1A
clear majority (67.2%) of the e-bikers also own a mechanical bike. Their practice of regular cycling may decline and even be taken over by the e-bike. Finally, 32.8% of e-bike users do not have a mechanical bike. The survey does not provide information about how many of them gave up their mechanical bike or started cycling again after purchasing an e-bike. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 P. Rérat, Cycling to Work, SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62256-5_6
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Table 6.1 Types of bicycle owned and used to participate in bike to work Type of bicycle owned by participants (in %)
Main type of bicycle used for bike to work (in %)
Conventional bicycle (road, city, mountain bike)
89.8
82.6
Electrically assisted bicycle
18.4
16.3
Folding bike
1.6
0.4
Other bicycle (cargo bike, recumbent bike, etc.)
2.6
0.5
Bike share scheme (membership)
0.6
0.1
None
0.2
–
Note Since respondents may own more than one bike, the total is greater than 100%
per month) are also slightly over-represented (4.9% versus 3.6%). In this case, electrically assisted bicycles may replace either a motorised vehicle or a public transport pass. There are also noticeably fewer residents of urban centres among e-bike users then among those who own a conventional bicycle (23.1% versus 42.9%) Instead, ebike owners include more inhabitants of the suburbs and rural areas. These vehicles make it possible to travel longer distances. As w
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