Accuracy of Self-Reported Vaccination Status in a Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Accuracy of Self‑Reported Vaccination Status in a Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Ryan Smith1 · Jeffery Hubers2 · Francis A. Farraye3 · Emmanuel Sampene4 · Mary S. Hayney5 · Freddy Caldera2 Received: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 20 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background and Aims Prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases is important in the care of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Thus, accurate immunization histories are critical. Many providers rely on patient self-report when assessing immunization status. The primary aim of our study was to determine the accuracy of self-reported influenza vaccination status in a cohort of patients with IBD. Methods We conducted a prospective study of patients with IBD who answered a vaccination status questionnaire and compared their responses to the Wisconsin Immunization Registry, a state-wide electronic immunization information system. The primary outcome was the sensitivity and specificity of self-reported influenza vaccination status. A secondary outcome evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of pneumococcal vaccination status. Results A total of 200 patients with IBD were included in the study. Documented immunization rates were 74.5% for influenza vaccinations and 79.9% for pneumococcal vaccinations. Influenza vaccination self-report had a sensitivity of 98.7%, a specificity of 90.2%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 96.7% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 95.8%. In comparison, the sensitivity for pneumococcal vaccination was 83.5% with a specificity of 86.2%, PPV of 96.4%, and NPV of 54.3%. Conclusions Self-reported influenza immunization status is sensitive and specific in patients with IBD. Accuracy for pneumococcal vaccination is slightly lower, but responses were notable for a high PPV. Self-report is an effective way to determine influenza immunization status and provides useful information for receipt of pneumococcal vaccine in patients with IBD. Keywords Immunization status · Immunization information system · Influenza · Pneumococcal · Inflammatory bowel disease
Introduction
* Freddy Caldera [email protected] 1
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
2
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland Avenue, Room 4240‑01A MFCB, Madison, WI 53705, USA
3
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
4
Department of Biostatics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
5
University of Wisconsin School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, USA
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent advances in the treatment of IBD include the use of immune modifiers and monoclonal antibodies such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha inhibitors, anti-integrin
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