Adaptive Clustering and Scheduling for Dynamic Region-based Resource Allocation in V2V Communications
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Adaptive Clustering and Scheduling for Dynamic Region-based Resource Allocation in V2V Communications Cheng-Yu Chen1 · Jen-Yeu Chen1 · Ping-Rong Lin1 · Arvin C.-S. Huang1 Received: 5 October 2019 / Revised: 27 February 2020 / Accepted: 2 April 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this paper, we propose a scheme named “Adaptive Clustering and Scheduling for Dynamic Region-based Resource Allocation” (ACSR) to solve the problems in 3GPP’s fixed zone resource allocation schemes for 3GPP’s infrastructureaided Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication technology:Cellular V2V or C-V2V communications. In 3GPP’s fixed-zone resource allocation schemes, the radio channels are separated into groups each of which is reused amid pre-determined geographical zones with a fixed area and locations regardless of the number of vehicles sharing the group of channels assigned to a zone. On the other hand, in the proposed ACSR scheme, vehicles are dynamically and adaptively clustered by their geographical locations and banks of radio channels are reused amid clusters. This flexibility of vehicle clustering in which the number of vehicles in a cluster could fit the number of channels in a re-usable group of channels largely reduces the chance of co-channel interference and hence improve the transmission performance. A vehicle in a cluster is elected to be the cluster head for assigning radio channels to those which in its cluster are about to transmit so that both the overhead of signaling transmissions and computation complexity at eNB/gNB are reduced. The performance of ACSR are compared with several other typical resource allocation schemes by extensive simulations under the simulation scenario setting defined by 3GPP specifications. The performance metrics are (1) the average computation offloading ratio (COR) in reference to the centralized brute-force optimization scheme at eNB/gNB and (2) the average successful packet reception ratio (PRR) defined in 3GPP specification. The average COR for ACSR is 30.9%. The ACSR’s average PRR improvements over a typical fixed zone resource allocation scheme, the FZRA scheme, are greater than 5%, 10% and 21.8% when the transmission distance is 120 meters, 180 meters, and 320 meters, respectively. Simulation results shown that in general the ACSR scheme significantly improves the performance as compared to 3GPP’s fixed zone resource allocation schemes. Keywords Resource allocation · Vehicle-to-Vehicle communications · V2V · Cellular V2V communications · C-V2V · Clustering · Region based radio resource allocation · 3GPP 5G NR · 6G
1 Introduction Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communications are essential to the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) or in various Internet of Vehicle (IoV) applications. In particular, V2V communications could improve the driving safety of human-driven vehicles and are critical to the safety of selfdriving cars by periodically broadcasting vehicle statuses such as a vehicle’s position as well as moving direction and speed to i
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