Adaptive neural tracking control for automotive engine idle speed regulation using extreme learning machine
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EXTREME LEARNING MACHINE AND DEEP LEARNING NETWORKS
Adaptive neural tracking control for automotive engine idle speed regulation using extreme learning machine Pak Kin Wong1
•
Wei Huang1 • Chi Man Vong2 • Zhixin Yang1
Received: 2 January 2019 / Accepted: 29 August 2019 Ó Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The automotive engine idle speed control problem is a compromise among low engine speed for fuel saving, minimum emissions and disturbance rejection ability to prevent engine stall. However, idle speed regulation is very challenging due to the presence of high nonlinearity and aging-caused uncertainties in the engine dynamics. Therefore, the engine idle speed system is a typical uncertain nonlinear system. To address the problems of inherent nonlinearity and uncertainties in idle speed regulation, an extreme learning machine (ELM)-based adaptive neural control algorithm is proposed for tracking the target idle speed adaptively. The purpose of ELM is to rapidly deal with the uncertain nonlinear engine system. Since the original ELM is not designed for adaptive control, a new adaptation law is designed to update the weights of ELM in the sense of Lyapunov stability. Experiment is conducted to validate the performance of the proposed control method. Experimental result indicates that the ELM-based adaptive neural control outperforms the classical proportional–integral– derivative (PID), fuzzy-PID and back-propagation-neural-network-based controllers in terms of tracking performance under the variation of engine load. Keywords Extreme learning machine Adaptive neural control Uncertain nonlinearity Engine idle speed regulation
1 Introduction The goal of automotive engine idle speed control is to enable the engine with closed throttle to run at low speed to minimize fuel consumption and emissions, but the engine speed should not be kept too low to prevent engine stall under the variation of load. The idle speed control system is of importance to the automotive engine as its performance reflects various technical indicators such as engine stability, fuel economy and emissions. Aiming to fulfill the ever-increasing requirements on fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, this paper is dedicated to the
Pak Kin Wong and Wei Huang have contributed equally to this work as co-first authors. & Pak Kin Wong [email protected] 1
Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
2
Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
development of advanced engine idle speed controller to track the desired speed. In general, the engine idle speed can be controlled by adjusting either bypass air valve or electronic throttle. As the bypass air valve is simple and more reliable, the bypass air valve is considered in this study. Figure 1 shows the composition of a gasoline engine idle speed control system, which includes the sensors, engine management system, bypass air valve, etc. The
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