Addressing the cosmological $$H_0$$ H 0 tension by the Heisenberg uncertainty
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Addressing the cosmological H0 tension by the Heisenberg uncertainty Salvatore Capozziello1,2,3,4 · Micol Benetti1,2 · Alessandro D. A. M. Spallicci5,6,7,8,9 Received: 27 March 2020 / Accepted: 30 June 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The uncertainty on measurements, given by the Heisenberg principle, is a quantum concept usually not taken into account in General Relativity. From a cosmological point of view, several authors wonder how such a principle can be reconciled with the Big Bang singularity, but, generally, not whether it may affect the reliability of cosmological measurements. In this letter, we express the Compton mass as a function of the cosmological redshift. The cosmological application of the indetermination principle unveils the differences of the Hubble-Lemaître constant value, H0 , as measured from the Cepheids estimates and from the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation constraints. In conclusion, the H0 tension could be related to the effect of indetermination derived in comparing a kinematic with a dynamic measurement. Keywords Heisenberg principle · Observational cosmology · Hubble-Lemaître constant In the last decades, we are experiencing the so-called “precision cosmology”, which stands for the availability of numerous accurate cosmological measurements. Such a richness and precision allow confirmations of General Relativity (GR) and of the standard cosmological model, demonstrating that the universe can be our largest available laboratory. At the same time, several tensions and discrepancies emerged, indicating an increasing complexity and the need of adopting huge amounts of unknown and so far undetected dark entities. Observational data point out, substantially, a different evolution (expansion trend) of the universe at different scales. On the one hand, the increasingly accurate data coming from SNeIa allow a direct estimation of the expansion rate with high precision, deriving a value of the HubbleLemaître parameter H0 = 74.03 ± 1.42 Km/s/Mpc [1]. On the other hand, detailed Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation maps, joined with Baryonic * Salvatore Capozziello [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data, point to the value H0 = 66.88 ± 0.92 Km/s/Mpc [2]. This difference, named H0 tension, of 4.4𝜎 [1], is out of any conciliation and may suggest that the two different approaches, namely kinematic and dynamic, are not fully compatible. In principle, the H0 tension can be addressed by examining alternative models to the cosmological standard one, or by trying to reduce data by further treating the systematics more and more accurately. These studies have highlighted additional model troubles, without leading to a definitive solution [3–7]. In conclusion, the debate consists whether we have to invoke new physics or a more detailed data analysis in view of solving the tension. The discussion is open and
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