Adenocalymma albiflorum (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), a new combination, notes on morphology and distribution
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Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Herbário UB, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Bloco D, Térreo, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
Abstract. In this study we transfer Pleonotoma albiflora to Adenocalymma based on a robust molecular phylogeny based on wide sampling of taxa and molecular markers. Morphological studies provide additional support for the placement of this taxon within Adenocalymma. Here, we make the new combination Adenocalymma albiflorum (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), and discuss the morphology and distribution of the species. We also provide a detailed description, illustrations, photographs, and a distribution map for this taxon. Keywords: Neotropical flora, phylogeny, Pleonotoma, pollen.
Adenocalymma Mart. ex Meisn. emend. L. G. Lohmann includes 76 species of lianas, shrubs, and small trees, representing the largest genus of the tribe Bignonieae Dumort. (Bignoniaceae, Lamiales) (Lohmann & Taylor, 2014; Fonseca & Lohmann, 2019). Species of Adenocalymma are distributed from Mexico and the Lesser Antilles to Paraguay and Brazil (Lohmann & Taylor, 2014; Fonseca & Lohmann, 2019). The current circumscription of Adenocalymma also includes Memora Miers (Lohmann & Taylor, 2014), which was shown to form a clade nested within Adenocalymma (Lohmann, 2006). The close affinity between these genera has long been noted (e.g., Bentham, 1876; Gentry & Tomb, 1979). Furthermore, recent molecular phylogenetic studies in the “Adenocalymma-Neojobertia” clade based on a broad sampling of characters (121,001 molecular characters) and taxa (90% of all species recognized) (Fonseca & Lohmann, 2018) indicated that Pleonotoma albiflora (Salzm. ex DC.) A. H. Gentry is nested within Adenocalymma (Fonseca & Lohmann, 2018). The position of Pleonotoma albiflora has been controversial for a long time. In fact, this species has been placed in Bignonia L., Memora Miers, and Nestoria (Salzm. ex DC.) Sandwith in the past (Gentry, 1976). The placement of P. albiflora
within Pleonotoma was justified based on the tetragonal stems, trifid tendrils, 3-colpate pollen, biternate leaves, floral and fruit similarities (Gentry, 1976). However most of these characters are also shared among P. albiflora and species currently placed in Adenocalymma (Gomes, 2006). Furthermore, P. albiflora lacks the tetragonal stems with conspicuous purple angles that are diagnostic of Pleonotoma (Gomes, 2006). Morphological studies of P. albiflora indicated that this species was morphologically most similar to Adenocalymma (Gomes, 2006), a hypothesis that was later corroborated by Fonseca & Lohmann (2018) indicating the need for taxonomic adjustments. In this study we gather additional morphological data for these taxa that further support the transfer of P. albiflora to Adenocalymma. We also provide a detailed taxonomic treatment for the species. Materials and methods Morpholog
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