Adsorption of Reactive Red 158 Dye by Chemically Treated Cocos Nucifera L. Shell Powder
The effective removal of dyes from aqueous waste is an important issue for many industrialized countries. The traditional treatment methods used to remove dyes from wastewater have certain disadvantages such as incomplete dye removal, high reagent and ene
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Dickcha Beekaroo Ackmez Mudhoo •
Adsorption of Reactive Red 158 Dye by Chemically Treated Cocos nucifera L. Shell Powder Adsorption of Reactive Red 158 by Cocos nucifera L.
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Dickcha Beekaroo Faculty of Engineering Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Mauritius Reduit Mauritius e-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 2191-5407 ISBN 978-94-007-1985-9 DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-1986-6
Ackmez Mudhoo Faculty of Engineering Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Mauritius Reduit Mauritius e-mail: [email protected]
e-ISSN 2191-5415 e-ISBN 978-94-007-1986-6
Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Ó The Author(s) 2011 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover design: eStudio Calamar, Berlin/Figueres Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Dedicated to Neelam
Contents
Adsorption of Reactive Red 158 Dye by Chemically Treated Cocos nucifera L. Shell Powder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Literature Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Synthetic Dyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Biosorption: A Green Remediation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Adsorption Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Experimental Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Preparation of Chemically Activated Carbon from C. nucifera L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Acid Treatment of the C. nucifera L. shells . . . . . . . . 3.3 Preparation of Dye Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Determination of Optimum Wavelength. . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 Batch Adsorption Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 Equilibrium Parameters of Adsorption . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 Kinetic Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 Batch Column Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Results and Discussions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 Yield of CAC’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Characteristics of the Adsorbent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Optimum Wavelength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Optimum pH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 Batch Studies: Removal of RR158 with Time . . . . . . 4.6 Effect of Dye Concentration on Batch Adsorption Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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